524 Eumycetes. — Pflanzenkrankheiten. 



dürren Aesten von Juglans regia wurde eine wohl bisher nicht 

 beschriebene Tubercidaria vulgaris Tode gefunden. Interessant ist 

 ein schwarzer gelatinöser Ueberzug mit darauf sitzenden kugeligen 

 oder ovalen, etwas gelblichen Konidien von 24—36 ,« Durchmesser 

 mit dunkelbrauner dicker Membran; er wurde provisorisch zu 

 Phylloedia gezählt. — Sonst viele Berichtigungen und Ergänzungen 

 von Diagnosen bekannter Arten. 



Biologische Daten: Oidimn querciniim Thuem. wurde im 

 Gebiete schon über 15 Jahre beobachtet; Perithezien nie gefunden. — 

 Bezüglich Dasyscypha WiUkonDnii Hartig: Geschlossene Larchen- 

 bestände in jungen Kulturen sind an sich schon der Gefahr des 

 Lärchenkrebses mehr ausgesetzt als gemischte. Wenn diese Kulturen 

 aber an einer von den Winden geschützten Berglehne vorkommen, 

 also einer energischen zeitweiligen Durchlüftung durch Winde ent- 

 behren, so wird das Wuchern des Pilzes befördert, und es werden 

 zuletzt durch den verursachten Harzausfluss (,,Lärchenbrand", „Rin- 

 denbrand") die Lärchenkulturen auf weite Strecken zerstört. 



Matouschek (Wien). 



Metealf, H., The Chestnut bark disease. (Journ. Heredity. V. 

 p. 8-17. 1914.) 



The very harmful chestnut bark disease. caused by Endothia 

 parasiiica, seems to occur in nature in a remote part of northeastern 

 China, in the province Chili, on Castanea mollissinta , where it 

 does relatively little härm. Being introduced into America in the 

 90's or late 80's, the parasite found here the American sweet 

 chestnut as a wonderfully susceptible host. Its early history in 

 America is obscure, and will probably always remain so. B}^ 1903 

 or 1904 it was in füll blast in the vicinity of New York City and 

 its subsequent spread is authentic history. The distribution since 

 has been general; and there is not now the slightest indication that 

 it is decreasing in virulence or that the climate of an}^ region to 

 which it has spread is having any appreciable retarding effect upon 

 it. The author describes manner of infection and the girdling of 

 trees. The most conspicuous symptom at all times of the year is the 

 occurrence of sprouts at the base of the tree, on the trunk or on 

 the branches. The wood is not materially injured and may be used 

 for all timber purposes for which healthy trees might be used. 

 Chestnut nursery stock has been the most important factor in the 

 spread of the bark disease, and must therefore be inspected by 

 inspectors, who are trained in recognizing the more obscure Symptoms 

 of fungous disease. There is no apparent reason why, with rigid 

 inspection of purchased stock and of the orchards themselves, all 

 chestnut orchards and nurseries from Indiana to the Pacific 

 coast can not be kept permanently free from the bark disease. 

 The author thinks that the most practical control results will be 

 obtained by the breeding and propagation of varieties of chestnut 

 that are immune or highly resistant to the bark disease, such as 

 the species of Chinese chestnut and of Japanese chestnut, strains of 

 which seem apparently immune and form the most hopeful basis 

 for breeding at present. The spreading of this disease has lessoned 

 US the truth of „Prevention is cheaper than eure". 



M. J. Sirks (Haarlem). 



