180 GEORGE B. RIGG 



2. The establishment of a bog requu-es at least two conditions: 

 (a) An abundant growth of sphagnum; (b) Lack of drainage. 

 As is indicated above (a) frequently occurs without (b). 



3. All Alaska bogs examined were comparatively thin deposits 

 over rock, but cf. Davis ('13), while Puget Sound bogs are 

 usually deeper deposits over soil, frequently glacial till. 



4. Many Alaska bogs are occasional patches within tundras, 

 {e.g., Yakutat, Dixon Harbor, Snug Harbor); others are similar 

 to Puget Sound bogs in being bordered by coniferous forest 

 {e.g., Cordova) while still others occur in forestless areas {e.g.. 

 Three Saints Bay, Mitrof^nia Bay, Unga Island, Sand Point) . 



5. Many Alaska bogs were entirely buried by the accumulation 

 of volcanic ash after the eruption of Katmai volcano in June, 1912. 

 Examples: Uzinki and Wood Island. 



6. Kalmia glauca is found commonly in bogs and occasionally 

 outside of bogs in both Alaska and the Puget Sound region. For 

 example it is found in Alaska on rocks at Lazy Bay and at Cape 

 Douglas, and in the tundra at Snug Harbor. In the Puget Sound 

 region it is found on Mount Rainier and on floating logs supporting 

 a foot bridge over Lake Kapowsin. 



7. Ledum palustre is found in Alaska both in bogs and outside of 

 them. For example, it occurs on rocks at Mitrofania Bay, 



• Fox Bay, Lazy Bay, Sand Point, and Unga Island. Ledum 

 groenlandicum in the Puget Sound region occurs in sphagnum 

 bogs and in the mucky soil on their borders and also on floating 

 logs in Lake Kapowsin. 



8. Drosera rotundifolia was not found by the writer in A.laska 

 except in bogs. In the Puget Sound region he has found it growing 

 on the floating logs supporting a foot bridge over Lake Kapowsin. 



9. Empetru7n nigrum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Loiseleuria pro- 

 cumbens and Andromeda polifolia are species that are common 

 in Alaska, both in bogs and elsewhere in xerophytic habitats. 



10. Empetrum nigrum in Alaska sometimes establishes bog 

 conditions somewhat similar to the bog conditions elsewhere 

 estabhshed by sphagnum. Examples: Mitrofania Bay, Three 

 Saints Bay. 



