5027? -101 



REPORT DOCUMENTATION 

 PAGE 



1. REPORT NO. 



FWS/OBS-81/22 



4. Title and Subtitle 



Managing Oil and Gas Activities in Coastal Environments: 

 Refuge Manual 



7. Authors) 



W.L. Lonqley; R. Jackson: B. Snvder 



3. Recipient'i Accession No. 



5. Report Date 



September 1981 



8. Performing Organization Rapt. No. 



9. Performing Organization Name and Address 



RFC, Inc. 

 1705 Guadalupe 

 Austin, TX 78701 



10. Project/Task/Work Unit No. 



11. Contr8Ct(C) or Grant(G) No. 



<c) 14-16-0003-2152 



(G) 



12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 



Office of Biological Services 

 Fish and Wildlife Service 

 U.S. Department of the Interior 

 Washingt on. D.C 20240 



13. Type of Report & Period Covered 



1977 to 1981 



14. 



IS. Supplementary Notes 



16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) 



This report documents the management of oil and gas 

 refuges on the Louisiana and Texas coasts. It expl 

 leasing rights, and legal considerations related to 

 The report describes five federal refuges selected 

 marsh and estuarine ecosystems found on the refuges 

 oil and gas extraction and transport methods used i 

 how each habitat is affected by these activities, 

 are analyzed, and new ones proposed. The report is 

 to aid them in assessing impacts, issuing permits, 

 activities. 



development on national wildlife 

 ains the nature of ownership, 



oil and gas extraction on refuges, 

 for analysis and the different 



and in the coastal zone. It explains 

 n coastal systems, and examines 

 Existing regulations and guidelines 



a planning tool for refuge personnel, 

 and generally managing oil and gas 



.17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors 



Swamps, petroleum exploitation, petroleum transportation 



b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms 



Aransas, Brazoria, San Bernard, Delta, Sabine, coastal upland, salt marsh, brackish 

 marsh, fresh marsh, delta marsh, levees, spoil banks, Oil and Gas Impacts, permits, 

 stipulations. Wildlife refuge, ecosystem. 



c. COSATI Field/Group 



la. Availability Statement 



Unlimited 



19. Security Class (This Report) 



Unclassified 



20. SecuHty Class (This Page) 



21. No. of Pages 



466 



22. Price 



(See ANSI-Z39.1S) 



See /nstructions on Reverse 



OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77) 

 (Formerly NTIS-35) 

 Department of Commerce 



