cclx 



Genus — Synaptuea, Can lor. 



Achiroides, Bleeker: JEsopia, Etiryglossa, and Eury pleura, Kaup. 



Branchiostegah six. Eyes on the right * side, the upper in advance 

 of the lower. Cleft of mouth narrow, twisted round to the left side. Minute 

 teeth only on the left side : palate edentulous. One of the nostrils on the blind 

 side dilated in some species, not so in others, whilst amongst the latter both 

 pectorals may be present, the right being somewhat the longer. Some have the 

 nasal tube small or simple (Synaptura), or bifid (Euryglossa). Secondly, 

 the left pectoral may be longer than the right ( Anisochirus) . Thirdly, the 

 Left pectoral may be rudimentary (JEsopia). Eourthly, both pectorals 

 ■ma y be absent (Achiroides) . The vertical fins are confluent. Scales small 

 and ctenoid. Lateral line straight. 



50. Synaplura pan, Ham. Buch. Nga-la-chan, Burm. D. 59, A. 

 45, L. 1. 75. This species of sole is found in the Ganges and Burmese 

 rivers hig-h above tidal influence. 



'&>■ 



Order— PHY SOSTOMI, Miiller. 



All the fin rays articulated, except the first in the dorsal and pectoral, 

 which are frequently more or less ossified. Ventral fins, when pre- 

 sent, abdominal and spineless. Air-vessel, if existing, having a 

 pneumatic duct. 



Family — Silurid^. 



Margin of the upper jaw formed by the inter-maxillaries ; the maxilla rudimentary 

 often constituting the base of a barbel : no sub-opercle. The rayed or adipose 

 dorsal fins may be present or absent. Skin scaleless, and either smooth or covered 

 with osseous plates. Air-vessel, when present, either free in the abdominal cavity, 

 (Silurince) or more or less enclosed in bone (Amblyeepince) ; it communicates with 

 the organs of hearing by means of the auditory bones. 



Sub-Family — Si luring. 

 Air-vessel not enclosed in bone. 



Genus — Aktsis, Bleeker. 



Body rather elongated: dorsal profile nearly horizontal: neck not ele- 

 vated. Head depressed, covered superiorly with soft skin. Eyes small, sub- 

 cutaneous, Mouth terminal, transverse : jaws of unequal length. Nostrils 

 somewhat remote from one another. Gill-openings wide. Barbels eight, 

 their bases slightly dilated. Filiform teeth in the jaws : none on the 

 palate. First dorsal fin having a spine enveloped in skin, and five or six 

 rays : adipose dorsal low : pectoral horizontal, with a spine enclosed in 

 shin : ventral with six rays, entirely behind the dorsal: caudal forked : anal 

 if moderate length (9-11 rays). Air-vessel not enclosed in bone. Skin 

 smooth or tubercular. 



51. Akysis Kurzii, Day. D. £/0, A. 11. Brown. Pegu hills, only 

 attaining a small size. 



* Note.— The terms right or dextral, and left or sinistral, are thus employed in these flat fishes. 

 The, specimen is .placed with its tail towards the observer, the dorsal fin upwards, the anal downwards, 

 and the coloured side is the one referred to. 



