Table 13 continued. 



Toxic Area 

 Kilometer 2 Percent 



Amphipod survival, microbial 



bioluminescence, and bivalve 



development 23.6 6.7 



Amphipod survival, microbial 



bioluminescence, bivalve 

 development and survival 19.9 5.7 



* Based upon a critical value of <80% of control responses. 



The spatial extent of toxicity in Phase 2 of the survey was calculated separately since the survey design 

 was different from that used in Phase 1 (Table 14). The study area in Phase 2 covered approximately 

 12.7 km 2 . Within that area, about 10.8 km 2 were significantly toxic (<80% of controls) and about 1.2 

 km 2 were highly toxic (<20% of controls) in the amphipod survival tests. These areas represented 

 approximately 85% and 9.7% of the total, respectively. 



Table 14. Estimates of the spatial extent of toxicity* (km 2 and percent of total area) in Newark 

 Bay and vicinity, based upon the cumulative distribution function of data from amphipod sur- 

 vival tests. 



Amphipod survival 



* Based upon a critical values of <80% and <20% of control responses. 

 Total survey area: 12.7 km 2 



Concentrations and Distribution of Contaminants in Sediments: Phase 1. Following a review of 

 the data from the toxicity tests, chemical analyses were performed on 38 selected samples from Phase 

 1. Samples selected for chemical analyses were not chosen randomly; rather, they were chosen to 

 represent toxicity gradients within selected regions of the study area. Concentrations of trace elements, 

 acid-volatile sulfides, simultaneously extracted metals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 

 PCBs, pesticides, organic carbon, carbonate, and sediment grain sizes are listed in Appendices A-E. 

 Patterns in the distribution of selected chemicals among the stations sampled in Phase 1 are illustrated 

 in Figures 15-20. 



The portion of the sediments consisting of fine-grained materials (silt + clay) in the selected samples 

 varied from 0.0% at stations 37B and 38B to 76.7% at station 17B (Figure 15). The samples from 

 western Long Island Sound (sites 4-6), the Hudson River (sites 1 and 2), East River (sites 10 and 12), 

 upper Arthur Kill (site 17), western Raritan Bay (sites 23 and 24), and the lower New York Harbor (site 



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