36) had relatively high percent fine-grained materials (over 50%). Samples with relatively low percent 

 fines were collected in the upper East River (site 7), lower Hudson River (site 13), upper New York 

 Harbor (site 14), upper Newark Bay (site 16), and in the lower New York Harbor (sites 26, 34, 35, 37, 

 and 38). 



The concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) ranged from 0.7% (at sites 37 and 38) to 3.6-4.8% (at 

 sites 11 and 12) up to a maximum of 5.0% at site 9 (Figure 16). Curiously, sample 7B had low percent 

 fines (10.4%), but very high TOC content (4.4%). In most samples the TOC content ranged from 2% 

 to 3% with very few samples having less than 1% TOC. Multiple samples from most sites had similar 

 concentrations of TOC. However, the two samples from sites 7 and 10 had considerably different 

 concentrations, reflecting within-site heterogeneity. The two samples collected in the mouth of the 

 estuary (sites 37 and 38) had extremely low TOC content and consisted entirely of sand (100% sand). 

 Also, the sample from site 14 in upper New York Harbor was 98.5% sand and had only 0.25% TOC. 



The concentrations of mercury in most samples ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 ug/g (Figure 17). Samples from 

 sites 7, 9, and 10 had 4.7 to 5.0 ug/g Hg. Sample 18C from the Arthur Kill had 15 ug/g Hg, consider- 

 ably higher than any of the other samples. Samples with relatively low mercury concentrations were 

 those from western Long Island Sound, the lower Hudson River, upper New York Harbor, lower New 

 York Harbor, and near the Sandy Hook-Rockaway Point transec. 



In most samples, the molar ratios of total simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) to total acid volatile 

 sulfides (AVS) ranged from 0.04 to 0.22 (Figure 18). However, in sample 34B the ratio was 0.74, in 

 sample 14A it was 0.80, and in sample 2A it was 2.42. In sandy samples 37B and 38B, the concentra- 

 tions of AVS were very low, and the SEM/AVS ratios were 9.32 and 5.47, respectively. There were no 

 consistent spatial patterns in the SEM/AVS ratios throughout the study area. 



In most samples, the concentrations of total PCBs (sum of 20 congeners) ranged from 100 ng/g to 200 

 ng/g (Figure 19). The PCB concentrations were relatively high in a few samples, notably the sample 

 from station 12A in the East River which had 1972.8 ng/g. The concentrations of total PCBs exceeded 

 450 ng/g in samples from stations 1 A, 1 IB, 12B, 17B, 17C, and 18C. The relatively high PCB concen- 

 trations in the samples from the East River gradually decreased into the western Long Island Sound. 

 Also, the relatively high concentrations in the Arthur Kill gradually diminished towards the Sandy 

 Hook-Rockaway Point transect at the estuary entrance. 



In most samples, the concentrations of total PAHs (sum of 24 PAHs) ranged from 4,000 ng/g to 20,000 

 ng/g (Figure 20). However, the samples from sites 7, 8, 9, 10, and 1 1 in the East River and site 17 in 

 Kull van Kull had concentrations that exceeded 20,000 ng/g total PAH. The concentration of total PAH 

 in sample 9B from the upper East River was 1,123,355 ng/g. The high concentrations of PAHs in the 

 East River decreased considerably eastward into Long Island Sound. Also, the moderate concentra- 

 tions of PAHs in the Arthur Kill diminished eastward toward the Sandy Hook-Rockaway Point transect 

 at the estuary entrance. The lowest concentrations of these compounds were found in samples col- 

 lected in the upper New York Harbor and beyond the estuary entrance. 



Concentrations and Distribution of Contaminants in Sediments: Phase 2. In Phase 2 of the sur- 

 vey, sediments from 20 of the 57 sampling stations in Newark Bay and vicinity were analyzed for 

 chemical concentrations. These 20 stations included station 57 in upper New York Harbor, which was 

 sampled during Phase 1 (listed as Site 14 in Phase 1). A full suite of trace elements, organo chlorine 



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