Table 17. Spearman-rank correlations (Rho, corrected for ties) between four toxicity end-points 

 (as percent of controls) and the concentrations of trace elements in Hudson-Raritan estuary sedi- 

 ments (n=38). 



*p<0.05, **p<0.001, ***p<0.0001 



The concentrations of individual and total simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) were not signifi- 

 cantly correlated with the results of the tests of amphipod survival, bivalve survival, and bivalve devel- 

 opment (Table 18). Similarly, the SEM/AVS ratios were not significantly correlated with any of the 

 tests, and, improbably, a positive association was indicated with amphipod survival, bivalve survival, 

 bivalve development, and microbial bioluminescence. However, the concentrations of many of the 

 individual simultaneously extracted metals, notably lead, were significantly correlated with the Microtox 

 results. Although the correlations between microbial bioluminescence and both total AVS and total 

 SEM concentrations were significantly negative, the correlation with the SEM/AVS ratios was signifi- 

 cantly positive. Only those correlations shown with "**" would remain significant if the number of 

 variables (9) were taken into account. 



Table 18. Spearman-rank correlations (Rho, corrected for ties) between four toxicity end-points 

 (as percent of controls) and the concentrations of acid-volatile sulfides (AVS) and simultaneously 

 extracted trace metals (SEM) in Hudson-Raritan Estuary sediments (n=38). 



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