CHAPTER 13 : MARINE MAMMALS 13-1 



DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE 13-2 



Cetaceans 13-6 



Pinnipeds 13-8 



REPRODUCTION 13-11 



FEEDING HABITS 13-11 



FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE 13-14 



Food Availability 13-14 



Disease and Parasites 13-14 



Predation 13-15 



Pollutants 13-15 



Organochlorines 13-16 



Heavy metals 13-17 



Petroleum 13-21 



Habitat Disturbances 13-21 



IMPORTANCE TO HUMANITY 13-23 



History of Whaling 13-23 



MANAGEMENT 13-27 



RESEARCH PRIORITIES 13-2 9 



REFERENCES 13-30 



CHAPTER 14: WATERBIRDS 14-1 



DATA SOURCES 14-2 



WATERBIRD GROUPS 14-2 



SEABIRDS 14-3 



Historical Trends 14-9 



Present Status of Seabirds 14-10 



Breeding species 14-10 



Nonbreeding summer residents 14-15 



Winter residents 14-15 



Migratory residents 14-16 



Reproduction 14-17 



Feeding Habits 14-18 



Natural Factors Affecting Abundance 14-21 



Predation 14-21 



Food supply 14-21 



Nesting habits 14-23 



SHOREBIRDS 14-24 



Historical Trends 14-29 



Present Status of Shorebirds 14-29 



Breeding summer residents 14-29 



Winter residents 14-30 



Migratory residents 14-30 



Role of Shorebirds in the Ecosystem 14-35 



WADING BIRDS 14-35 



Historical Perspective 14-35 



Present Status of Wading Birds 14-37 



Breeding birds 14-37 



Feeding Habits 14-38 



HUMAN IMPACTS ON WATERBIRDS 14-41 



Habitat Loss 14-41 



XII 



10-80 



