1864.] 583 



It has a diameter of .70 inch and differs from S. strobihides 0. S. l.s^ 

 In the tips of all the leaves on the outside of the gall, and not merely 

 those towards the tip of the gall, being angulated not rounded. 'IncL 

 In their external surface not being so strongly pubescent, especially the 

 portion lying "to the weather." iird. In the leaves at the tip being 

 almost linear or parallel-sided instead of oblanceolate, and proportionally 

 about 2 longer so as to project in a kind of beak from the tip of the 

 gall. 4th. In the tip of the gall being more open than is usual in S. 

 strobihides. 5fh. In the veins even on the inside of the leaves beins 

 subobsolete. The cocoon, as far as can be judged from what remains 

 of it, was similar to that of S. strobiloides, but unfortunately it contained, 

 not the larva or pupa of the Cccidomyia^ but a parasitic CaUhnomt\ 

 which infests several of these Gall-gnats, in the imago state. Hence, 

 and from the fact of there being catkins in flower on the twig on which 

 it grew, we may know that the specimen was about 10 or 11 months 

 old when o-athered. As usual in mature ^S'. strabiloides, the twis on 

 which it grew had been killed immediately below it for the space of h 

 an inch or so. Since it might possibly have been the case that it was 

 this species, and not my ^S*. strobiloides, which was named strobiloidfs 

 by Baron Osten Siicken, as he merely describes his gall as being "in 

 the shape of the cone of a pine and an inch or more long," I commu- 

 nicated to him the distinctive characters between the two species, and 

 he has been kind enough to inform me that my S. strobiloides is iden- 

 tical with his. The specimens which he originally used were obtained 

 in Northern Illinois, and he tells me that he afterwards gathered a 

 single one in Massachusetts, so that we know of this one gall, at all 

 events, that has a wide geographical range. 

 Larva, pupa and imago unknown. 



No. i. Gall S. gnaphalioides, n. sp.— On S. humilis. Amonothalaraous, small, 

 solitary, oval or sometimes subspherical gall, ,23 — .55 inch long and .14 — .60 

 inch in diameter, almost always growing at the tip of a twig and without any 

 side-shoots around it, very rarely from the side of a twig from a small side- 

 shoot no longer than itself, sometimes porrect but oftener with the last inch or 

 so of the twig on which it grows curved downwards, or angularly bent down- 

 wards, or coiled 2 or 3 times round like the tendril of a vine. The leaves com- 

 posing it are imbricate, sometimes more or less loosely appressed, (when it re- 

 sembles somewhat the little lemon-yellow garden-flowers known as "everlast- 

 ings" or ''immortelles" or the indigenous Gnaphalium polycephalum,) but 

 more usually opened out towards their tips, and always with their extreme tij)s 



