NSWC/WOL/TR 75-35 



harmless, but easy to measure, can be used as an indicator of the 

 presence of others. 



4.1.3 Methods of Analysis 



Following the establishment of the objectives of the measurement 

 program and the selection of parameters for analysis, suitable 

 analytical methods are then selected. There are no prescribed pro- 

 cedures which are applicable to all situations but the best method 

 for any given situation must be based upon consideration of many 

 factors. Some of the more important factors are: 



(a 



(b 

 (c 

 (d 

 (e 

 (f 



(g 



(h 

 (i 



Required sensitivity 

 Accuracy of method 

 Presence of interferences 

 Number of samples to be analyzed 

 Necessity of field or in situ analyses 

 Speed of analysis required for results 

 Availability of required instruments 

 Number and skill of laboratory personnel 

 Cost of the analyses 



Listings of "standard" and "recommended" analytical methods 

 for natural waters and marine waters are to be found in a variety of 

 publications . 



For this report a literature survey of these methods was 

 conducted. Based upon the above considerations, the most appropriate 

 procedures were selected, refined, combined, and evaluated to 

 establish their applicability to the analysis of explosion products. 

 General discussion of the methods will be given and specific analyti- 

 cal procedures for some explosion products will be presented. 



4.2 SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS 



4.2.1 Fresh Water vs Seawater 



Most of the analytical methods used in water analysis can be 

 applied to fresh water as well as seawater. However, the complexity 

 of seawater often causes a number of problems in trace analysis in 

 that medium: 



1. The larger quantity of salts present in seawater reduces 

 the efficiency of some separation techniques, such as ion exchange 

 and solvent extraction. 



35 



