24 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XXI, No. 1, 



connect the broad-winged specialized Oriental genera with the 

 petiolate primitive subfamilies. Lais and Hetcerina are a prim- 

 itive side line in which two of the penis lobes are usually lost. 

 The nymphs of this subfamily are very specialized in the deeply 

 cleft labium and in the stalked antennae. One such from South 

 America, probably of the Neocharis series, is in Williamson's 

 collection, while those of Phaon,^^ Vestalis,^^ Het(Brina^''', Agrion,^^ 

 Matrona,^'' Neurohasis,^^ have been described. One glance at the 

 labium of Neurobasis will convince the most skeptic that it is 

 highly specialized with its profound cleft and long spines. 



7. Libellaginae. Figs. 74-81. Micromeriis, Libellago, (Rhinoneura) , 



Rhinocypha, (Disparocypha) . 



The unspecialized penes in this group are in Micromerus, 

 Figs. 80-81, and in the plain- winged Rhinocyphas, Figs. 78-79. 

 These insects are small with primitive black- tipped wings. The 

 specialized penes with elaborate lobes occur in those large 

 Rhinocyphas with pictured wings. This indicates that the 

 primitive Libellagine insect was smaller than the average 

 pictured winged Rhinocypha of today and that it has a two-lobed 

 penis similar to those of the Epallaginae, also that its wings had 

 the very generalized black tips common in Agrionidae. The 

 stalked antennae of the naiads of Libellago^^ and Micromeriis'^'^ 

 indicate some relationship to the Agrionidae. Here curiously 

 enough we have the short, wide body correlated with rectal 

 breathing. See page 23. 



8. Platystictinae. Penes not figured^^ but two lobed and resembling those 



of the EpaUagince and MegapodagrionincB. Platysticia, Palcem- 

 nema, {Proloslicta). 



If Fraser^^ has correctly identified his exuvium as Pro- 

 tosticta then this series surely goes here being exceedingly 

 reduced forms probably derived from a Megapodagrionine 

 stock. The writer before seeing Fraser's figures had thought 



1' Karsch. Die Insecten der Berglandschaft Adeli, p. 48, 1893. (Phaon?) 



14 Ris Tijdsch. V. Ent. LV, p. 177, 1912. 



15 Needham, N. Y. State Mus. Bull. 68 p. 227, 1903. 



16 Hagen, C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. 23 pp. LXV-LXVII, 1880. 

 '^ Fraser, Rec. Ind. Mus. XVI, p. 463, 1919. 



18 Needham. Ent. News, XXII, p. 147, 1911. 



19 Karsch, Insect. Berglandschaft Adeli, p. 48, 1893. 



20 Fraser, Rec. Ind. Mus. XVI, p. 197. 1919. 



-1 Kennedy. Ent. News, Julp, 1917. Figs, of penes of Palaemnema and Platy- 



of" 1 r» t" Q 



22'Fraser, Rec. Ind. Mus. XVI, p. 465, 1919. 



