'Nov., 1920] Zygopterous Dragon Flies 25 



'.this group a remote relative of the Psendostigmatinse because 

 ■of the regular venation, the penes, and the male appendages. 

 Dr. Calvert possesses nymphs of Palccmncma which should 

 :settle the matter. 



II. Hemiphlebid^. 



'9. Hemiphelbinae. Penis not figured but has characters of the Mega- 

 podagrionincE, Lestidcs, and dxnagrionince. Hemiphlebia. 



Because of the singular penis and male claspers this could 

 'be associated with no group in the Coenagrionidce. Its irregular 

 cross veins suggest the AgrionidcB. It certainly has no near 

 relatives among the known Odonata. Its location in Australia 

 is highly suggestive of a very ancient stock. 



III. LeSTIDtE. 



This family is characterized by the cleft labium of the 

 naiad, the regular gizzard patches without specialized large 

 teeth, the penis lacking the terminal lobe, the male appendages 

 and the occurrence of an oblique cross vein between Rg and M3 

 distad of the subnodus. 



10. Perilestinae. 



Penis not figured but truly Lestid in that it lacks the terminal 

 ■segment. Male appendages and gizzard Lestid. The writer 

 suggests the following as a possible explanation of the long 

 bridge in this family. The ancestral Lestid may have been an 

 .attenuate insect like Perilestes. When the other subfamilies 

 were 'developed from this by increasing the area of the wings to 

 sustain the heavier body the other forks retreated basad but 

 left the fork of Rg behind in the apical half of the wing where it 

 occurs normally in Perilestes because in this case it has never 

 moved back. 



11. Synlestinae. Figs. 10-15. Synlestes, Chlorolestes. 



These appear to be true Lestids. Tillyard-^ has shown them 



.to be Lestid by venation. The penes lack the terminal segment 



and the patches in the gizzard occur in fours while they are 



armed with fine teeth only, as in the other two subfamilies. 



'The naiad^"* has a cleft labium but has generalized gills, which 



23 Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 39, p. 193, 1914. 

 -2« Tillyard, Biology of Dragonflies, p. 83, Fig. 32 G., 1917. 



