Jan., 1921] Translocation of Carbohydrate Materials 97 



8. Sucrose is very low in comparison to glucose and maltose. 

 Its maximum occurs in all parts of the plants during summer and 

 autumn. Its presence in roots is more pronounced than in the 

 stems, which has also been shown b}^ Butler et al. It is not an 

 important storage sugar in seedlings. 



9. It is interesting to note that the amount of sugars in both 

 stems and roots runs a close parallel throughout the year, with 

 the exception of a greater content in roots during early spring. 



10. The total sugar and the reducing sugars in both stems 

 and roots show parallel curves. There is a marked increase at 

 the beginning of the dormant season, which reaches its maximum 

 from January to March, when the starch content is at a mini- 

 mum. During the dormant period there is a marked hydrolysis 

 of starch to sugar and a partial resynthesis of this sugar to non- 

 carbohydrate compounds. 



11. Total carbohydrate in roots is twice as much as that 

 found in one and two-year-old stems, which are almost identical 

 in their carbohydrate content. 



The Acidity of Fruit Spurs and Two-year -old 

 Seedlings of Apple. 



1. Acidity is high in summer and low in winter. In general 

 during the growing period all parts of the seedlings are distinctly 

 acid, while during the dormant period they approach close to 

 neutrality. The roots and two-year-old stems become slightly 

 alkaline during February and March, after which there is a 

 rapid rise in acidity. 



2. Acidity is highest in the leaves and lowest in the roots. 

 The acidity of the leaves is on the decline at the time of 

 abscission. 



3. Acidity of the one-year-old stems and the fruit spurs 

 used in the experiments is identical. 



4. There is an approximate correlation between the 

 optimum hydrogen ion concentration for the hydrolytic action 

 of plant diastases (about 10~^.^ Sherman et al.)^ and maltase 

 (10~^^ Hober-') and the time 'of the most active hydrolyzation 

 of starch in the fruit spurs and stems, i. e., during the dormant 

 period beginning with November. The correlation is not so 

 clear in the case of hydrolysis in roots. Further data on this 

 point are needed. 



