188 



The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XXI, No. 6, 



INFLORESCENCES WHICH ARE CARPELLATE ABOVE AND 



STAMINATE BELOW. 



Carex norvegica Willd. 



Carex heleonastes Ehrh. 



Carex glareosa Wahl. 



Carex canescens L. 



Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. 



Carex scoparia Schk. 



Carex cristatella Britt. 



Carex bicknellii Britt. 



Carex praticola Rydb. 

 Carex davisii S. & T. 

 Zizania aquatica L. 

 Ricinits communis L. 

 Acalypha ostryaefolia Ridd. 

 Salix amygdaloides Anders, 

 monecious individuals. 



Abnormal 



SPECIAL CASES. 



LophotocarpHS calycimis (Engelm.) J. G. Smith. 



And other species of Lophotocarpus. Flowers in the lower part of the 

 inflorescence bisporangiate, in the upper staminate. 



Arisaema draconliiini (L.) Schott. 



There are staminate individuals and monecious individuals. The monecious 

 are staminate above and carpellate below. 



Leptamnium virginianum (L.) Raf. 



Lower flowers cleistogemous and fertile; upper flowers perfect and open, but 

 mostly not producing seed. 



Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. 

 And other species of Specularia. 

 Lower flowers cleistogamous and carpellate; upper flowers perfect. 



Carex hromoides Schk. 



Some spikelets have both basal and terminal staminate flowers with the 

 carpellate flowers in between. 

 Viola papilionacea Pursh. 



And numerous other species of Viola have perfect open flowers followed later 

 in the season by cleistogamous, fertile flowers with only the two 

 appendaged stamens developed. 



Zea mays L. 



Occasionally abnormal ears are carpellate below, staminate in the middle, 

 and then carpellate again at the outer end. Also staminate inflorescence 

 may have the main axis with carpellate spikelets in the middle and 

 staminate spikelets below and above. 



STUDY OF SPECIAL SPECIES. 



Since there is a functional change during the transition 

 from the one state to the other in the type of inflorescence under 

 discussion, it was thought that an examination of the transition 

 zone would show some interesting peculiarities. Consequently, 

 a rather detailed study has been made of a selected number of 

 species in order to determine the character of the morphological 

 expressions on the transition zone between the staminate and 

 carpellate parts, i. e., on the region between the tissues which 

 are in a male state and those which are in a female state. 



