98 



BRITISH AXD EUROPEAX BUTTERFLIES AXD MOTHS. 



and South-Central Europe in July, but is 

 scarce and local. The larva is brown, -witli 

 two interrupted black lateral lines, which 

 are edged on the inner side with yellow, 

 and black spiracles in white rings, situated 

 on a line which is reddish at the ends, and 

 bordered with dark brown on both sides in 

 the middle. The head is brown, with black 

 bars. It lives in May on Rumex and other 

 low plants. 



A. putris, Linn. The Flame Moth. Fore 

 wings pale wainscot-brown, with a streak be- 

 hind the stigmata, through the fringes, and a 

 similar one near the hinder angle. The stig- 

 mata are filled up with brown, and the hind 

 border of the collar and the costa are of the 

 same colour. The anterior transverse line 

 is brown, deeply zigzag, and incomplete. The 

 posterior is formed of a double row of black 

 dots. The submarginal line is wanting, and 

 the marginal line is dotted with black. The 

 hind wings have a greyish lustre, a faint 

 central lunule, curved line, and a dark inter- 

 rupted marginal line. It is found in Central 

 Europe from May to July. The larva is brown, 

 dotted with black, and finely streaked with 

 whitish. Beneath it is pale yellow. The dorsal 

 line is yellowish brown, and the head is 

 shining brown. It feeds on the roots of grasses, 

 plantain, etc., during the Summer. 



A. puta, Hiibn. The Shuttle-Shaped Dart. 

 Fore wings light iron-grey, blackish in the 

 basal area, with an elongated orbicular and 

 very small claviform stigma. Hind wings 

 white in the male, pale smoky brown in the 

 female. It is found in Central and Southern 

 Europe from July to September, but is local. 

 The larva is ochreous brown, with three dark 

 brown dorsal lines. Just below the spiracles 

 is an indistinct double dirty white line, and 

 the belly is greyish green. It lives on low 

 plants. 



A. porphyrea, W. \'. The True Lovers' 

 Knot. I'ore wings brownish red, with all the 

 markings white, including some of the nervures. 

 The half line and the anterior transverse line 

 are connected by a white longitudinal streak, 

 and, like the three stigmata, have dark borders. 

 Both the transverse lines are connected on 

 the inner margin of the wings by their dark 

 borders. The reniform stigma has a brownish 



red nucleus, and the orbicular stigma is puncti- 

 form, with a clear space in the centre. The 

 submarginal line is formed of white longi- 

 tudinal streaks, along with which are some 

 dusky ones. The hind wings are reddish 

 grey, with whitish fringes. The moth is 

 common in June and July on heaths in 

 Central and Northern Europe. There is a 

 paler form, var. marmorea, Grasl. found 

 in the Pyrenees and Denmark. The larva 

 is grey, with three interrupted whitish dorsal 

 lines, the middle of which is edged with 

 brown. There is a whitish lateral line above 

 the legs, and the space between this and 

 the outer dorsal line is brown, with hook- 

 like markings. It lives on heath in Spring, 

 hibernating when full grown. The larvae may 

 be most easily found from November till March 

 by searching under the plants. 



A. exclamationis, Linn. The Heart and 

 Dart Moth. I'l. XXIV. fig. lo. is widely 

 distributed throughout Europe, and is common 

 in June and Jul}-. The caterpillar is brown, 

 with a pale dorsal line and black dots. It is 

 often found in large numbers feeding at the 

 roots of grass in Spring. 



A. ripae, Hiibn. The Sand Dart. Fore 

 wings greyish white, varied with brownish, 

 with two double transverse lines, and dark- 

 edged stigmata, which are elongated in front 

 and filled up with darker, the claviform 

 stigma being the darkest. The suffused band 

 is marked with a row of dark dots. Hind 

 wings white, with slender jellow nervures in 

 the female. It is found in North-Western 

 Europe in April and May, chiefly on the coast. 

 The larva is yellowish or greyish brown, with 

 three dark double dorsal lines, whitish on the 

 sides and beneath, and covered everywhere 

 with small dark warts. It lives at the roots 

 of Snhola, Cakile maritiiiia, sorrel, etc. \a.T. 

 obotritica, Herr-Schaff. is a white form, 

 with the markings very indistinct. 



A. trux, Hiibn. Fore wings brownish 

 yellow or brownish grey, darker in front of 

 the hind margin. The transverse lines rise 

 from double spots on the costa. The hind 

 wings are whitish. The middle joint of the 

 palpi is covered with depressed hair, and the 

 terminal joint is pointed. It is found in the 

 Alps in August and September. 



