BRITISH AND EUROPEAN BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



31 



D. livornica, Esp. The Striped Hawk 

 Moth. PI. XIV. fig. 5. appears sporadically 

 in England, and has been taken occasionally 

 in Scotland and Ireland. It is on the wing 

 in May, June, and September, and is commoner 

 in Southern than in Central Europe. The larva 

 is yellowish green, with a black head and pink 

 dorsal and 5'ellow lateral lines, between which 

 is a row of black dots edged with pink and 

 •white. On the lateral line are pink spots. 

 The horn is reddish below and black above. 

 The larva feeds on vine, fuchsia, etc., in July. 



Genus Choerocampa. 



Fore wings long and pointed. Hind wings 

 short, with a projection at the anal angle. 

 Larvae tapering to the head, with ocellated 

 spots on the fourth, fifth, and sixth segments. 

 Head retractile. There is usually a horn on 

 the twelfth segment. 



C. celerio, Linn. The Silver Striped Hawk 

 Moth. Pi. XV. fig. I. is occasional!}' taken in 

 England, but is commoner in the South of Europe. 

 It is migratory, and is not infrequently found 

 on ships at sea. It appears in May and June. 

 The larva is brown, with a j'ellow stripe above 

 the legs, and two black ocellated spots, encircled 

 with yellow, on either side of the fifth and sixth 

 segments. The horn is long and slender. The 

 pupa is reddish brown, with the head, wing- 

 cases, and back dark grey. 



C. elpenor, Linn. The Elephant Plawk 

 Moth. PI. XV. fig. 2. Larva 2 a. is common 

 in May and June, flying about strongly scented 

 flowers. The larva feeds in Jul}' and August 

 on Epilohiiiiu , Galium, Fuchsia, etc. 



C. porcellus, Linn. The Small Elephant 

 Hawk Moth. PI. XV. fig. 3 is widely distri- 

 buted and common over the greater part of 

 Europe, including many places in the British 

 Isles. It appears in May and June, and flies 

 about flowers at dusk. The caterpillar is dark 

 grey or brown, with round black spots on the 

 sides of segments four to six; those on the 

 fifth and sixth segments are ocellated. There 

 is no horn, but only a slight prominence. It 

 feeds on Galium, Epilobium, and Lythrum in July, 

 and hides itself under the food-plant by day. 



C. nerii, Linn. The Oleander Hawk Moih. 

 PI. XV. fig. 4. This handsome insect has 

 very rarely been taken in Britain. It is scarce 



in Central Europe, and is only a casual visitor 

 north of the Alps. It appears in July and 

 August. The caterpillar has a green or brown 

 head, the next three segments yellow, and the 

 remaining ones green, except the last, which 

 is j'ellow. The horn is short and curved back- 

 wards. It feeds gregariously on oleander from 

 July to September. 



Genus Smerixithus, Ochs. 



Antenn£E not terminated in a hook or 

 bristle, gradually thickened to beyond the 

 middle, and then narrowed to a point. Head 

 and eyes large. Proboscis small and soft. 

 Fore wings with the hind margins irregularly 

 sinuated and more or less deeply dentated. 

 When resting the hind wings are horizontal 

 and the fore wings directed backwards. 



S. tiliae, Linn. The Lime Hawk Moth. 

 PI. X\T. fig. I. Larva la. is fairly common in 

 the South and South-East of England, and 

 is one of the commonest hawk moths in the 

 suburbs of London. It appears in May and 

 June, and varies much in colour and markings. 

 The larva feeds on elm and lime in July 

 and August. 



S. quercus, Fabr. Fore wings tawny 

 grey, with several transverse reddish brown 

 lines running across them; the wings suffused 

 with reddish brown outside the outer ones and 

 inside the inner ones. A reddish brown pa- 

 rallelogram on the inner margin near the anal 

 angle, and a round spot of the same colour 

 above it. Hind wings fawn-colour, with an 

 irregular white mark, and two dark spots 

 below it, near the anal angle. It appears in 

 June, and is found in Central Europe, but not 

 in Britain. The larva is green, with seven 

 oblique streaks, darker than the ground colour, 

 and bordered below with white. The horn is 

 yellowish, tipped with pale blue. The head 

 is bordered on each side with a rosy line, 

 edged within by a white one. It feeds on 

 young oak-leaves from June to November. 



S. ocellatus, Linn. The Eyed Hawk Moth. 

 PI. XV. fig. 5. Larva 5a. Pupa 5b. is fairlv 

 common in the South of England, and is found 

 occasionally in other parts of the British 

 Isles. It appears in May and June and again 

 in August. The moth may sometimes be found 

 in the forenoon sitting on willows or in their 



