40 



BRITISH AXD EUROPEAX BUTTERFLIES AXD MOTHS. 



densely hairy, and is not belted. It is found 

 in July at a high elevation in the Swiss Alps, 

 the Pyrenees, Bavaria, and Southern Tyrol. 

 In Britain it is found onl\' among the moun- 

 tains of Braemar in Aberdeenshire, on an 

 elevated spot about 3000 feet above the sea- 

 level. The larva feeds on Azalea procinuhais. 



Z. meliloti, Esp. The New Forest Burnet. 

 Fore wings narrow and rounded at the apex, 

 blue-black, with five pale carmine spots. Spots 

 I and 2 are elongated and of equal length- 

 spot 3 is the smallest; and 4, which is square, 

 largest; whilst spot 5 is small and nearly round. 

 The hind wings have broad blue-black borders. 

 The abdomen is not belted with red, except 

 in the Alpine varietj^ stentzii, Freyer. Antennte 

 graduall}' thickened and pointed at the end. 

 It is common in Central Europe, but very 

 local in England, being almost confined to the 

 New Forest. It appears in Jul}', and frequents 

 woods and marshy places. The larva is pale 

 green, with a black head and whitish dorsal 

 and lateral stripes, the latter spotted with 

 _\ellow and black. It feeds in Ma}^ and June 

 on various low-growing leguminous plants. It 

 pupates in a tough yellow cocoon. 



Z. charon, Hiibn. Fore wings steel-blue, 

 shading into violet on the costa. Spot 3 is 

 small and oval, spot 6 divided. The hind 

 wings are not emarginate at the anal angle. 

 It is found in the Alps of Switzerland and the 

 Southern Tyrol. 



Z. trifolii, Esp. The Broad-bordered Fi\e- 

 spotted Burnet. PI. XVL fig. 13. Larva 13 a. 

 Pupa 13b. is rather variable, from the liability 

 of the spots to coalesce. It appears in June 

 and July, and is widely distributed in Europe, 

 though in Britain it is somewhat local. The 

 larva feetis on the root of Lotus coynictdatus 

 and Anthyllis vidneraria, eating out the whole 

 of the root and killing the plant. 



Z. lonicerae, Esp. The Narrow-bordered 

 Five-spotted Burnet. Resembles irifolii, but is 

 somewhat larger; spots 3 and 4 are smaller 

 and more distinctly separated, and the fore 

 wings are broader beyond the middle. It is 

 one of the commonest of the Burnets, and is 

 widely distributed in Britain as well as on 

 the Continent. It ajijuars in July, and fre- 

 quents woods, dry meadows, and sunny hill- 

 sides. The larva is yellowish white, with 



three rows of black spots on the back, and a 

 similar row above the legs. The lateral line 

 is composed of dark yellow spots. The female 

 larva is pale green, with a whitish dorsal stripe. 

 It lives on various kinds of clover in May. 

 The cocoon is elongated and straw-coloured. 



Z. filipendulae, Linn. The Six-spotted 

 Burnet is one of the most widelv distributed 

 of the family. The fore wings are dark green 

 above, with six carmine spots, of which the 

 third and sixth are oblique. The sixth is the 

 largest, and is occasionally confluent with the 

 fifth. The hind wings are deep red, with narrow 

 black borders. Antenna; thickened near the end, 

 but terminating in a pointed extremity. It is 

 plentiful in Central Europe, and is found all over 

 tlic British Isles, but is commonest in the South 

 (1 England. It is on the wing in July and 

 August and sometimes in June, and is parti- 

 cularly common in chalky districts and on hill- 

 sides. The caterpillar is yellow, with two row s 

 of black dorsal spots, and a smaller row on 

 each side. The head and legs are black. It 

 feeds on clover, trefoil, and other low plants 

 in May. The cocoon is elongated and of a 

 sulphur-yellow colour. \'ar. chrysanthemi, 

 Esp. has the red colour of the hind wings and 

 of the spots on the fore wings replaced by 

 coft'ee-brown. In another variety found near 

 Cambridge they are yellow. 



Z. angelicae, Ochs. Fore wings steel-blue, 

 with carmine spots. The first and second are 

 o\al and of equal size, the fifth is large and 

 pointed towards the hind margin, and there 

 is occasionally a sixth spot. On the imder 

 side of the fore wings the spots are connected 

 by an indistinct reddish suffusion, and the 

 spots are not sharply outlined. The hind 

 wings are bright carmine, with a rather broad 

 black border. This moth is found in July in 

 Eastern and Southern Germany, Austria, etc. 

 The larva is yellow, finely dotted with black, 

 hairy, with two rows of black spots on the 

 back and one on the sides. It feeds on Tri- 

 foliiim alpcstrc and vwntanum, Lotus, Coronilla, etc. 



Z. transalpina, Esp. Fore wings dark 

 blue, with six deep red spots, arranged in ad- 

 jacent pairs. Spots 3 and 6 are smaller than 

 4 and 5, and spot 6 is divided by a black 

 nervure. The basal spots are shorter than in 

 filipcnduLe, and spots 3 and 4, which are often 



