BRITISH AXD EUROPEAN BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



155 



dirty white fringes. The head and thorax are 

 like the fore wings and tlie collar is blackish 

 in front with a few fine transverse lines fur- 

 ther back. The abdomen is tufted on the sides. 

 It is found in Western Europe in April. The 

 larva is iron grey or bluish grey, streaked with 

 brown, with a dirty white dorsal line on a 

 dark ground and faint brownish lateral stripes 

 above the spiracles. It feeds on honeysuckle 

 and low plants in June and July, hiding itself 

 during the day. 



Genus Lithocampa, Guen. 



Slender, smooth-haired moths, distinguished 

 by the short, broad wings, the high collar, 

 which forms an arched hood, the well-developed 

 abdominal tufts and the pectinated antennee 

 of the males. The larvae have the same form 

 as in the last genus, but are covered with 

 fine hairs. They have a projection on the 

 last segment and two pairs of somewhat short 

 anterior prolegs. Their mode of progression 

 is consequently like that of Catocala; and like 

 the species of that genus they can move very 

 quickly. 



L. ramosa, Esp. Fore wings bluish grey 

 slightly suffused with brownish, with the inner 

 half, except the narrow inner margin, streaked 

 with intense dark brown and black, with a 

 white curve indicating the submarginal line at 

 the hinder angle and brown stripes intersected 

 by several black sagittate streaks in the suffused 

 band running obliquely to the apex. The two 

 stigmata are only visible in their anterior 

 part ; in front of them, on the costa of the 

 wings are three brown lines, the last of w^hich 

 forms the commencement of the posterior 

 transverse line, which is only distinct in the 

 light part of the wings; and the middle one 

 the remains of the central shade. The mar- 

 ginal line is scarcely developed. The fringes 

 are marbled with brown and whitish and are 

 finely intersected with white on the nervures. 

 The hind wings are white, brownish towards 

 the hind margin, with a small central lunule. 

 The head and thorax are brownish grey, the 

 tegulae brown and the abdomen greyish white 

 with black tufts on the back. The antennae are 

 finely pectinated in the male. It is found in 

 South -Central Europe in May and June. 

 The larva is slender, with an elevation on the 



twelfth segment, and fine scattered hairs. It 

 crawls like those of the Geo)iictrida, and is 

 yellowish brown, wdth an interrupted white 

 dorsal line, and a light lateral line, edged with 

 darker. It lives in June and August on honey- 

 suckle, closely grasping the stem. The pupa 

 is rounded, yellowish brown with dark wing- 

 cases. It hibernates in moss or between leaves 

 spun together. 



FAMILY 



C L E O P H A N I D .-E. 



Mostly small moths, with the two trans- 

 verse lines closely approximated towards the 

 inner margin of the wings but again diverging. 

 They have black longitudinal spots in the 

 marginal area and the fringes are intersected 

 by white nervures. 



Genus Calophasia, Steph. 



Eyes naked, ciliated at the edges; proboscis 

 spiral. The front and the palpi with erect 

 hair, the latter raised on the head. The an- 

 tennae are setiform in both sexes, closely 

 ciliated in the males. The collar is hood- 

 shaped. The fore wings are short and stiff, 

 moderately expanded externally, with rectangu- 

 lar, somewhat obtuse apices. The upper sur- 

 face is smooth. The hind wings are small and 

 rounded. The abdomen is rather short, with 

 fine smooth hair. The moths sit during the day 

 on plants, and occasionally fly about flowers 

 in the sunshine. The larvae are slender and 

 fusiform and live on species of Antirrhinum and 

 Linaria, sitting in the day time on the plants 

 with their wings expanded. 



C. casta, Borkh. Fore wings white with 

 opalescent spots, a brown marginal and a yel- 

 lowish interrupted submarginal line. The fringes 

 are white chequered with grey. The hind 

 wings are yellowish grey with brown hind 

 margins. The thorax is tufted with brown. 

 It is common in the South of Europe in May 

 and June. The larva is yellowish white with 

 three yellow dorsal lines and dark brown spots. 

 It feeds on Delphinium in July and August. 



C. lunula, Hufn. Fore wings rusty brown, 

 varied with darker and whitish, especially 

 towards the hind margins and base, with two 

 light transverse lines closelj' approximated 



