54 



BRITISH AXD EUROPEAX BUTTERFLIES AXD MOTHS. 



broad wings. The abdomen is slender, and 

 projects for a considerable distance beyond the 

 hind wings. The discoidal cell of the fore wings 

 is divided into three compartments of equal 

 length. In the hind wings the intercolated 

 cell is small, and does not reach to the base. 

 The antennae are as in Zcuzera; the posterior 

 tibiae have only terminal spurs. 



P. castanese, Hubn. The Reed Moth. 

 Fore wings brownish yellow, with slightly paler 

 costa and small dark dots between the nervures. 

 The fringes have a row of dark spots at the 

 ends of the nervures. The hind wings are 

 paler yellow, without dots and with yellow 

 fringes. The abdomen is very long and of 

 uniform thickness, much longer in the female 

 than in the male, and provided with a long 

 ovipositor. The moth appears in June and 

 Jul}', and is found in many parts of Central 

 Europe in marshy places. In England it is 

 still found in some parts of the Fen district. 

 The larva is reddish brown, with a white dorsal 

 line, and a dark head and cervical plate. It 

 feeds in the stems of the common reed (Anindo 

 phragmites). The pupa is reddish brown, with 

 a small projection in front of the head, and 

 short points at the end. 



Genus Endagria, Boisd. 



Rather small moths with short broad wings, 

 with an intercolated cell. The antennje are 

 bipectinated. The hind tibia? have two pairs 

 of spurs. 



E. pantherina, Hiibn. has thinly scaled 

 wings. Fore wings ashy grey, with large white 

 triangular spots in the middle, extending from 

 the tip to the base, white spots on the costa 

 and inner margin, and a narrow white sub- 

 marginal band. The fringes are chequered 

 brown and white. The hind wings are brownish 

 grey, lighter externally, and with less distinctly 

 chequered fringes. The antenna? are white 

 with brown pectinations. The head and collar 

 are brown, the thorax covered with woolly hair; 

 and the abdomen is ashy grey. The female 

 is provided with a large ovipositor. The moth 

 is common South of the Alps, and flies at dusk. 



FAMILY 



COCHLIOPODID^. 



Small moths with short broad wings, the 



fore wings with two, the hind wings with three 

 submedian nervures. The discoidal cell is 

 divided, but without an intercolated or appen- 

 dicular cell. The proboscis is very short. 



Genus Limacodes, Latr. 



Fore wings with the apex rounded. The 

 antennas are serrated in the male. The posterior 

 tibiae have two pairs of spurs. 



L. testudo, Fabr. The Festoon ^loth. 

 PI. X\TII. fig. 4. Larva 4a. Pupa 4b. is 

 common in woods in Central and Southern 

 Europe in May and June. The larva feeds 

 on oak and beech in Autumn, and maj' be 

 found on the under side of the leaves. The 

 cocoon is barrel-shaped and has a lid at the 

 end. The pupa itself resembles that of Coleop- 

 tera and Hymenoptera, in having the casings of 

 the extremities separated from the body. 



Genus Heterogenea, Knoch. 



Fore wings with the apex somewhat poin- 

 ted; antennas simple; posterior tibiae with only 

 terminal spurs. 



H. asella, W. V. The Triangle Moth. 

 Fore wings dark brown with ochre -_\ellow 

 fringes, black at the tips. Hind wings 

 somewhat darker. The thorax is brownish 

 yellow. The female is larger and paler than 

 the male. It is a small insignificant-looking 

 moth which is widely distributed in Central 

 Europe in woods in May and June. In Eng- 

 land it is found in the New Forest. The cater- 

 pillar is shaped like that of L. testudo. It is 

 green on the back, granulated, with a red cross, 

 in the middle of which is a row of large yellow 

 spots, and on each side a smaller row. It 

 feeds on oak, beech, and lime, and passes into 

 a yellow pupa in the Spring. The cocoon is 

 barrel-shaped, with a lid. 



FAMILY 

 P S Y C H I D .-E. 



Small dull-coloured moths, with short, 

 broad, thinly scaled, -and unicolorous wings. 

 The fore wings have two submedian nervures in 

 the males, which unite towards the base. The 

 hind wings have three submedian nervures. 

 The discoidal cell is divided into two or three. 

 The number of nervures is different on the 

 fore and hind wings respectively. The antennae 



