BRITISH AXD EUROPEAX BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



55 



are pectinated. Proboscis, palpi, and ocelli 

 absent. The females are wingless and worm- 

 like, with short legs and antennas, which are 

 absent in many species. The larvae have a 

 long case formed of bits of stalks, leaves, bark, 

 moss, etc., variously woven together; this they 

 never leave, and pupate in it. 



Genus Psyche, Schrank. 



Fore wings with from nine to twelve ner- 

 vures; hind wings with from five to seven. 

 Antennfe pectinated. In the female both legs 

 and antennae are wanting. The caterpillar is 

 smooth, generally with black streaks in front. 

 P. unicolor, Hufn. PL XVHI. fig. 5. 

 Larva 5 a. is common in Central Europe in 

 June and July. The male is blackish, with 

 thick nervures and white fringes. The an- 

 tennag are bipectinated. The female is yellow- 

 ish white, with an orange line on either side, 

 and a square brown spot on each of the first 

 three segments. The larva lives on hazel, oak, 

 aspen, willow, etc. 



P. villosella, Ochs. The Active Chimney 

 Sweep. The wings are reddish grey, with 

 the costa and fringes almost black. The 

 antennas are dark brown, and the head and 

 abdomen are covered with long shaggy dark 

 brown hair. The case is composed of pieces 

 of grass-stems arranged obliquely. It is rarer 

 than the last species, but is found in the 

 New Forest. 



P. viciella, \V. V. is greyish yellow, with 

 the costa of the fore wings, tiie fringes, and 

 nervures dark brown. The head and antennae 

 are also dark brown. The body is thickly 

 clothed with woolly hair. The female is dark 

 blue, with a reddish brown head and tail. 

 The case is nearly square, and is made up 

 of obliquely-placed pieces of grass and leaves. 

 It lives on willow, alder, vetches, etc. This 

 species is more widely distributed in Southern 

 than in Central Europe. 



P. graslinella, Boisd. The wings are 

 greyish black, broadly yellowish white at the 

 base. The antennae are black and bipectinated. 

 The abdomen is stout, with rough dark and 

 light grey hair. The moth appears in June, 

 and is local in France and Germany. 



P. opacella, Herr-Schaff. The Opaque 

 Chimney Sweep is similar to the last species, 



but smaller. The wings are thinly covered 

 with dark brownish grey scales. The antenna? 

 are brown. The body is stout, greyish black, 

 with long shaggy hair. The female is yellow- 

 ish, with dark plates on the back. It is found 

 in many parts of Central and Northern Europe, 

 including Britain, in May. 



P. atra, Esp. The wings are more than 

 twice as long as they are broad ; black, almost 

 transparent, with yellowish hair and dark 

 shining fringes. The body is thick, with long 

 black hair. It occurs in Austria, the South 

 of France, and Germany. 



P. muscella, W. V. The wings are scarce- 

 ly twice as long as broad, almost trans- 

 parent, with blackish fringes. The antenna 

 are dark brown and deeply pectinated. The ab- 

 domen is stout, with rough black hair. The 

 case of the caterpillar is very broad, narrower 

 at the ends, and is formed of grass. The 

 moth is common in France and the South of 

 Germany in April and May. 



P. plumifera, Ochs. is smaller than the 

 last species, and the wings are dark grey, and 

 more thickly scaled. The abdomen is thick 

 and ver}' shaggy. The case is made of coarse 

 pieces of grass. The moth is found in the 

 Alps in April and May. 



P. plumistrella, Hubn. The wings are 

 long and narrow, dull dark brown, thickh' 

 scaled. The antennae have long slender pecti- 

 nations, and the hair on the head is very long. 

 The abdomen is small and slender, with long 

 black hair. The moth is found in July on 

 mountain pastures in Switzerland and the 

 Tyrol. The case is made with moss and 

 pieces of leaves. 



P. hirsutella, Hiibn. The Brown Muslin 

 is much larger than the last species, and has the 

 fore wings more pointed. The colour of the 

 wings is greyish black, densely scaled. The 

 antennae are dark brown, with long pectinations. 

 The body is short and black, with thick hair. 

 The moth is found throughout Central Europe 

 in May and June. The case is made of pieces 

 of grass-stem irregularly placed. Var. stand- 

 fussi, Herr-Schaff. is larger, with lighter 

 hair on the abdomen. 



Genus Epichnopteryx, Hiibn. 

 Fore wings transparent in the males, broad 



