BRITISH AXD EUROPEAN BUTTERFIIES AXD MOTHS. 



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sides with a reddisli brown and jellow wavj- 

 line. On the last segment are two white 

 crescent-shaped spots. The fork is pale green, 

 with red spines, and with two black spines 

 between them. It feeds on the poplar and 

 willow in July and August. 



H. furcula, Linn. The Sallow Kitten 

 resembles bifida, but is smaller. The fore 

 wings are pale grey witli the same markings. 

 The dark band in front of the middle has a 

 straiglit inner edge, and is irregularly bounded 

 on the outer side. The transverse lines are 

 distinct. The dark spot in front of the apex 

 is black, dusted with orange. The subterminal 

 line meets the central band at an acute angle. 

 In front of the hind margin is a row of black 

 dots. The central lunule is black. The hind 

 wings are paler, but are darker towards the hind 

 margin, with a row of black dots, and an 

 indistinct band in the female. The thorax is 

 chequered with black and orange, the abdomen 

 dark grey with whitish rings. It appears in 

 May and June in Central and Northern Europe. 

 The larva is yellowish green, dotted with red- 

 dish and dark green, and with reddish con- 

 nected spots on the neck and back, edged with 

 yellow, and divided by a dark median line. 

 The forks are spiny, with yellow and brown 

 rings. It lives on birch and willow in August. 



H. erminea, Esp. PI. XXII. fig. 4. occurs 

 in Central Europe, except in the North-West, 

 but is rather scarce. It appears in INIay and 

 June. The caterpillar is green, with a reddish 

 brown or red pyramidal spot on the neck, and 

 a narrow one edged with white on the back. 

 On the eighth segment this spot is expanded, 

 and the white edge runs to a point at the 

 spiracle. It feeds on poplar in August. The 

 pupa is pale reddish brown, with a strong 

 cocoon made with splinters of wood. 



H. vinula, Linn. The Puss Moth. PI. XXII. 

 fig. 3. Larva 3a. is common and widely 

 distributed in Europe, appearing in May and 

 June. The moth may be met with sitting on 

 trees, telegraph-posts, etc. The larva lives on 

 poplar and willow until late in the Autumn. 



Genus Stauropus, Boisd. 



Wings slightl}' sinuated, with rounded mar- 

 gins. The fore -wings are long with twelve 

 nervures. Nervure 12 rises from the base and 



is free, 11 rises from the subcostal nervure, 

 8 from 7, 9 and 10 close together from 8. 

 There is no appendicular cell. The hind 

 wings are small, with eight nervures, nervure 

 8 rising from the base. The antenna; are 

 pectinated. In the female each joint is pro- 

 vided with a strong bristle beneath. The ej-es 

 are large and naked. The ocelli and proboscis 

 are obsolete. The abdomen is long, with a 

 tuft on each segment. 



S. fagi, Linn. The Lobster Moth. PL 

 XXII. fig. 7. This moth is found in Central 

 and Southern Europe, but is never very com- 

 mon. It is usually met with singly in beech- 

 woods in June. The peculiar-shaped cater- 

 pillar, from which the moth derives its name, 

 is smooth chestnut-brown, with a light dorsal 

 line edged with blackish, and with a conical 

 elevation on each of the six middle segments, 

 of which the last but one is bifid. The last 

 two segments are very broad laterally, and 

 dentated, with two appendages at the end. The 

 legs are very long. It lives in July and August 

 on beech, oak, alder, birch, hazel, and lime. 

 In confinement each caterpillar must be put 

 in a separate cage, as they will fight and 

 sometimes kill one another. The chrysalis is 

 reddish brown, with four short spines at the 

 end, and is enclosed in a silky cocoon be- 

 tween leaves. 



Genus Uropus, Boisd. 



Fore wings with twelve nervures; 7 and 8 

 rise close together, g and 10 close together 

 from 8, II from the subcostal nervur , and 12 

 from the base. The hind wings aie short and 

 narrow, and have eight nervures. The antennas 

 are half the length of the costa of the fore 

 wings, bipectinated, except in the outer third, 

 which is dentated ; in the female they are 

 plain. The eyes are large, and the ocelli and 

 proboscis are obsolete. 



U. ulmi, W. \'. Wings long and narrow, 

 the fore wings bluish grey dusted with black, 

 with two dark transverse lines, and an in- 

 distinct subterminal line. The fringes are 

 chequered with black and white. The nervures 

 are black, spotted with white. The hind wdngs 

 are white without markings. The antennae are 

 brown. The head and thorax are densely 

 clothed with erect, ashy grey hair, and the 



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