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BRITISH AND EUROPEAN BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



darker transverse lines and an undulating sub- 

 marginal line, bordered on both sides with 

 darker. The hind wings are similar, but 

 without the first transverse line, the front of 

 which is often represented by a black central 

 dot on the under side. In the male the hind 

 legs have the terminal spurs imperfectly 

 developed. It is common throughout Europe 

 in Summer. The larva is grey with three rows 

 of longitudinal streaks. It feeds on grasses 

 in May. 



A. ochrata. Scop. The Scarce Bright 

 Wave is ochre-yellow and closely resembles 

 the last species, but the hind wings are with- 

 out the central lunule. In the male the ter- 

 minal spurs of the hind tibiae are present. 

 The tufts on the antennse are feathery on 

 ' the second joint. It is found in Central and 

 Southern Europe in July and August. The 

 larva is greyish with fine double lines on the 

 back. It feeds in May on hen-bit {Alsine media), 

 and it is said also on Festuca. 



A. macilentaria, Herr.-Schaff. Whitish 

 or bone-colour, very slightly dusted with black, 

 with three dark transverse lines on the fore 

 wings, and two on the hind wings, the third 

 line being regularly dentated. The shading on 

 both sides of the submarginal line forms two 

 additional transverse lines. There is a black 

 central dot on all the wings and a fine black 

 marginal line between the nervures. It is 

 found in meadows near woods in South-Central 

 Europe in May and June, but is not common. 

 The larva is slender, light grey, with blackish 

 stripes and dots. It feeds on low plants. 



A. rufaria, Hilbn. is ochre-yellow, fore 

 wings with three, hind wings with two dark 

 transverse lines, the last of which is usually 

 expanded as far as the submarginal line, which 

 is rather lighter. There is a dark dot just 

 in front of the centre and a dark marginal 

 line. The anterior transverse line is wanting 

 on the under side. It is found in meadows 

 in Southern and in some parts of South-Central 

 Europe, from June to August, and is common 

 in some localities. The larva is yellowish grey 

 with two light dorsal lines, bordered with 

 darker on the sides. 



A, moniliata, W. V. is straw-coloured. 

 Fore wings with three, hind wings with two 

 transverse lines. The marginal line is brown, 



and well-defined; the submarginal line is 

 composed of white dots. The fringes are brown 

 and banded with black dots on the nervures. 

 It is found in Southern and South-Central 

 Europe in June and July. 



A. muricata, Hufn. The Golden-bordered 

 Purple is purphsh red with a golden yellow 

 expanded spot, and a broad hind margin of 

 the same colour, in front of which are a few 

 dark transverse lines. It is local in Central 

 and Southern Europe. The larva is slender, 

 with the anterior and posterior segments 

 closely compressed, light grey, with a fine 

 longitudinal line, which is darkly bordered on 

 the tenth and succeeding segments, and a fine 

 whitish lateral line with black dots beneath it. 

 On the back of segments 5 to g are four elong- 

 ated black spots. It lives on low plants in June. 

 The pupa is light brown with black streaks on 

 the wing-cases. It forms a loose cocoon. 



A. dimidiata, Hufn. The Single-dotted 

 Wave is light reddish grey with three dark 

 transverse lines on the fore wings and two on 

 the hind wings and a light submarginal line on 

 the fore wings, bordered with darker only to- 

 wards the hinder angle, where it forms a black 

 spot. All the wings have a dark central dot 

 and a similar one at the ends of the nervures 

 on the fringes. It is common and widely 

 distributed in Central Europe in July, especi- 

 ally in damp woodland meadows. The larva 

 is light brown w'ith oblique darker streaks on 

 the back of segments 5 to 11. 



A. contiguaria, Hiibn. Greening's Wave 

 is violet-grey heavily dusted with brown, with 

 three dark transverse lines, expanded on the 

 yellow costa of the fore wings, a dark inter- 

 rupted marginal line and an unequally zig- 

 zag submarginal line, heavily spotted with 

 darker towards the base. On the hind wings 

 there are only two dark transverse lines. There 

 is a dark central spot, on all the wings, behind 

 the second transverse line. The female has 

 two pairs of spurs on the hind legs. It is 

 found in meadows in Central Europe and has 

 been taken in North Wales. The larva is 

 pale brown with a dark subdorsal line, suc- 

 ceeded at segment 5 by a row of tiark brown 

 elongated diamond-shaped spots, and there 

 is a dark brown spiracular stripe. It feeds on 

 Empctnim nignnii in April and May. 



