BRITISH AXD EUROPEAN BUTTERELIES AXD MOTHS. 



ana! angle; 3 and 4 are separate, 6 and 7 have 

 a short stalk, 2 rises from the middle of the 

 inner border, and 8 from the anterior border 

 of the discoidal cell. 



L. purpuraria, Linn. The Purple-barred 

 Yellow is very variable in colour and markings. 

 Fore wings olive-green, usually dark ochre- 

 yellow in the female, with two purplish-red 

 transverse lines, the anterior of which is more 

 or less marginal, the posterior straight, and 

 either simple, double, or forked in front. There 

 is a purple marginal line and purple fringes. 

 Hind wings dark ochre-yellow, with olive- 

 green inner margins, a purple central band 

 and a marginal line and fringes of the same 

 colour. The body is heavily dusted with black. 

 It is common in most parts of Europe in July 

 and August. The larva is rose-coloured above 

 with a light dorsal stripe and green beneath, 

 and constricted in the incisions. It feeds on 

 Ruinex acetosella and other low plants. 



Genus Ortholitha, Hubn. 



Middle-sized, slender moths with broad 

 wings, narrower at the base. Fore wings with 

 sharp, slightly projecting apices, convex hind 

 margins and slightly rounded hinder angles. 

 Hind wings with the costa one-third as long 

 as the inner margin. Body and legs with 

 depressed scales, palpi raised, and projecting 

 slightly beyond the flat front, with a horizontal 

 somewhat pointed terminal joint. Proboscis 

 spiral. Antennae with very short depressed 

 pectinations which do not reach to the tip, 

 setiform in the females. Hind tibiae with two 

 pairs of spurs. Fore wings with an appendicular 

 cell, divided by a transverse nervure and with 

 the outer half projecting beyond the discoidal 

 cell. Nervure 6 rises from its inner, 11 from 

 its outer border; 7 and 8 rise together from 

 the tip, 9 and 10 in succession from 8. Ner- 

 vures 3 and 4 of the hind wings are widely 

 separated; 6 and 7 are stalked. The transverse 

 nervure is angularly interrupted on the inner 

 side, and the lower angle of the discoidal cell 

 is longer than the upper. 



O. coarctaria, W. V. is violet-grey. The 

 fore wings with two rather straight transverse 

 lines broadly edged with brown on both sides, 

 a dark central area, a somewhat faint sub- 

 marginal line, and a dark marginal line. The 



apex is rather imperfectly divided with darker. 

 Hind wings with a light central band, edged 

 on both sides with darker, and a dark marginal 

 line and fringes. It is found in some parts of 

 Southern and South-Central Europe, flying in 

 open grassy places in July. 



O. plumbaria, Fabr. The Belle. Fore 

 wings bluish grey with two or three nearly 

 straight rusty red transverse lines, bordered 

 with deep yellow on both sides; the tips are 

 divided by a similar line. There is a faint sub- 

 marginal line, a dark central spot and darker 

 marginal line, which is partially interrupted. 

 Fringes dark in their basal half. Hind wings 

 pale grey, darker towards the hind margins, 

 with an indistinct lighter central band. The 

 marginal line is complete and the fringes 

 chequered, darker in their basal half. It is 

 common in Central and Southern Europe in 

 May, and again in July and August. The larva 

 is dirty yellow with a few longitudinal rows of 

 dark grey dots, three fine dark lateral lines, and 

 two dark grey longitudinal lines on the belly. 

 It feeds on heath (Calluiin), clover, and broom, 

 and hibernates. The pupa is dark brown 

 with darker nervures on the wing-cases. It is 

 situated on the food plant, between closely 

 connected leaves. 



O. cervinata, W. V. The Mallow Moth 

 is pale rust-colour, with fine waved lines, with 

 the central area and the outer half of the 

 marginal area darker, and frequently the base 

 of the fore wings also. Fore wings with three 

 fine white curved transverse lines edged on 

 both sides with darker, and a fine white zigzag 

 submarginal and a. dark marginal line. The 

 apex is divided by an indistinct line and the 

 fringes are banded with lighter and darker. 

 Hind wings paler, with a faint dark central 

 line, and a distinct submarginal line. It is 

 found in Central Europe in July and August. 

 The larva is pale green with numerous hairy 

 warts and yellowish transverse folds. It feeds 

 on mallow. The pupa is small, shining dark 

 brown with two short terminal points. It is 

 enclosed in a slight cocoon on the food plant. 



O. limitata. Scop. The Small Mallow 

 Moth. PI. XXX. fig. 8. is common in meadows 

 in Europe in July and August. The larva is 

 yellowish green and feeds on grass. 



O. mceniata, Scop. The Fortified Carpet. 



