BRITISH AND EUROPEAN BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



231 



are dingy grey with various transverse mark- 

 ings. It is found in Great Britain and the 

 Northern parts of Central Europe generally 

 in May and June. The larva closely resembles 

 that of the last species. It feeds on ground ivy. 



C. suffumata, \V. V. The Water Carpet 

 somewhat resembles Lygris pmnata if looked at 

 casually, but is smaller. Fore wings shining 

 reddish brown with a black central spot and 

 broad white transverse bands, more or less 

 suffused with reddish, bounding the very irre- 

 gular central area. This is irregularly shaded 

 by dark lines and has three projecting points 

 on its inner side; it is broadest, with an obtuse 

 projection on the outer side in cells 2 and 3. 

 The posterior transverse band is divided by two 

 rows of reddish crescent-shaped spots; the tips 

 of the wings are finely intersected with white, 

 and are darkest in their marginal half. The 

 submarginal line, which begins on the costa, 

 is composed of whitish lunules and is filled up 

 with darker on the inner side in cells 4 and 5. 

 The dark marginal line is interrupted on and be- 

 tween the nervures. The fringes are chequered 

 with brown and yellowish. The abdomen is 

 yellowish white, almost without markings, but 

 with indications of a submarginal line; the 

 marginal line and fringes are as on the fore 

 wings. It is common in Central and Northern 

 Europe from the end of April till June. The 

 larva is somewhat flattened, constricted in the 

 incisions and covered with finely hairy warts. 

 It is greenish rust-colour with a white dorsal 

 stripe on segments 2 and 3, and a dark one 

 on the last two segments, as well as two 

 light dots on the last segment. It has a pale 

 lateral line interrupted at the incisions and 

 a few angular markings on the middle seg- 

 ments. The head has two dark stripes on each 

 side. It feeds on bedstraw. The pupa is sub- 

 terranean. 



C. pomoeriaria, Eversm. Fore wings grey- 

 ish or reddish brown, with a lighter, in some 

 places white, divided transverse band, a dark 

 central area, sometimes edged with black, with 

 a rectangular projection towards the hind 

 margin in cell 3, and a central streak. The 

 distinct fine white curved submarginal line is 

 filled up with darker on the costa and in cells 

 4 and 5. The tips of the wings have in front 

 a dark line dividing them, finely edged with 



white and a similar one on the marginal half. 

 The marginal line is interrupted on and between 

 the nervures. The fringes are lighter in their 

 terminal half and spotted with darker on the 

 nervures to the tip. Hind wings reddish grey 

 or white with the same markings as the fore 

 wings, but fainter. It is not uncommon in 

 some parts of Central Europe in May and 

 June. The larva is slender, dark greenish 

 grey with a dark interrupted dorsal line, which 

 forms a round spot in a white cross on each 

 of the middle segments, and a rust-coloured 

 lateral line. It feeds on Impatiens. The pupa 

 is subterranean. 



C. designata, Hufn. The Flame Carpet 

 is violet-grey. Fore wings reddish brown at 

 the base and in the central area, the latter 

 entire on the slightly curved inner margin, 

 with an angular projection on the outer side 

 on nervures 4 and 6, usually only dark brown 

 in its anterior half, with a central spot. The 

 double posterior transverse band is only 

 distinct in its narrower whitish half, with dark 

 spots on the costa as far as the more or less 

 distinct submarginal line, which is shaded 

 with darker on the outer side. The marginal 

 line is thick and dark and only finely inter- 

 rupted on the nervures. Hind wings with 

 faint markings like those on the fore wings, 

 between the central spot and the hind margin. 

 Abdomen with the segments edged with lighter 

 behind and elongated reddish -brown dorsal 

 spots in front. The antennae are ciliated in 

 the males. It is common in Central and 

 Northern Europe in May and August. The 

 larva is reddish grey with triangular orange- 

 coloured dorsal spots and a yellowish grey 

 lateral line. It feeds on low plants in June 

 and Autumn till Spring. 



C. fluviata, Hiibn. The Gem. Fore wings 

 rusty brown with the basal half and the inner 

 shade of the submarginal line darkest. In- 

 stead of the posterior double band there is a 

 light sinuated line edged on both sides with 

 darker. The black marginal line is composed 

 of dots. The fringes are paler, and the apices 

 are divided by a dark line. The marginal line 

 is fine and white. Hind wings with the same 

 markings as the fore wings but fainter. It is 

 found in Central and Southern Europe in July 

 and September. 



