494 



ISOTOPIC TRACERS AND NUCLEAR RADIATIONS [Chap. 23 



arriving late when the voltage has increased. The angular velocity of the 

 first electron is therefore reduced and on each successive transit it will arrive 

 at the gap later. The second electron, however, increases in angular velocity 

 and arrives at the dee gap earlier on successive cycles. The electrons 

 initially injected therefore tend to bunch about on equilibrium phase with 



OSCILLATOR 



5 kw 48+ mc /sec. 



DEE STEMS 



FLUX BARS 



MAGNET COILS 



MAGNET 



CONSTANT ORBIT 

 ELECTRON BEAM 



ELECTRON 

 NJECTION 



GAMMA RAY 



INJECTOR AND TARGET 

 Fig. 135. Cut-away diagram of the 335-mev synchrotron in operation at the Radiation 

 Laboratory, University of California. View shown with top half of magnet removed. 

 \Courtesy of Atomic Energy Commission, University of California.] 



respect to the electric field during the early stages of synchrotron operation. 

 Oscillations about the equilibrium phase continue throughout acceleration, 

 but their amplitude is diminished by both radiative loss and by the increasing 

 magnetic field. 



If the magnetic field were constant, the electrons would not gain energy 



