INDEX 



A 



Absorbing materials, for neutrons, 134 

 Absorption, of beta particles, 51, 56-61, 374 

 in tissue, 409, 415-417 

 of fission fragments, 153-155 

 of gamma rays, 87 

 of heavy charged particles, 76 

 Absorption coefficients, 32-42, 58-59, 370, 

 421, 425 

 of shielding materials, 463 



(See also Beta particles; Gamma rays) 

 Absorption curve, of beta particles, 374-376 

 Absorption spectrum, of counter filling 



gases, 312 

 Abundance, of deuterium oxide, 264 



of isotopes, 3-4, 15-21, 184, 187-259 

 Accelerating tube, of Van de Graaff 



generator, 473 

 Accelerators, for high energy particles, 



472-499 

 Accuracy, of counting measurements, 318- 



321 

 Actinide series, in biological tracer studies, 



535-536 

 Actino-uranium series, 178, 180-181 

 Activation cross sections for neutrons, 136- 



139 

 Active-gas filled counters, 315-316 

 Air contamination, 451 

 "Air-wall" ionization chamber, 349, 404 

 Albedo, 134-135 

 Alpha decay, 93-95 



mean life for, 94-95 

 Alpha particles, 76-120 



acceleration of, in cyclotrons, 476-477 

 in the Van de Graaff generator, 472- 

 475 

 in fission, 159 

 from natural radioactive elements, 178— 



182, 247-257 

 properties of, 76 

 in radiotherapy, 541 



Alpha particles, range of, 86-88 

 in air, 117-118 

 in aluminum, 119 

 in lead, 120 



from natural radioactive elements, 

 180-182 

 relative intensity of, from natural radio- 

 active elements, 180-182 

 standards of, 359-361, 367 

 Aluminum, in biological tracer studies, 

 529 

 isotopes of, 15, 190 



(See also Alpha particles; Beta par- 

 ticles; Gamma rays; Protons) 

 Amplification factor of proportional count- 

 ers, 342 

 Amplifier, a-c, 354-355 



d-c, 296-297, 354 

 Angular distribution of beta particles, 375 

 Angular momentum of nuclei, 11-13 

 Anodes, of counters, 313-314 



for electroplating radioisotopes, 439 

 Anodic deposition in electrodeposition, 441 

 Annihilation radiation, 364 

 Anticoincidence circuits, 336 

 Anticoincidence counters, 326 

 Antimony, in biological tracer studies, 533- 

 543, 548 

 isotopes of, 16, 222-224 

 Arsenic, in biological tracer studies, 533, 

 543, 547 

 isotopes of, 15, 202-203 

 Ashing of tissues, 445-449 

 Atom per cent excess, 391 

 Atomic weights, chemical, 15-21 



of isotopes, 15-21 

 Autoradiograph, 512 

 Average deviation, 319-320 

 Average energy, of beta particles, 70-71, 

 369, 417 

 to form one ion pair, 89-90, 349, 369, 



404, 407, 418, 425 

 of recoil nuclei, 317 



643 



