INDEX 



651 



Quantitative determinations, with tracers, 



389, 390-92 

 Quantum levels, 3-7, 65, 122 

 Quenching circuits, 307 

 for counters, 327-329 



R 



Radiation by beta particles, 53-54 

 Radiation energy loss in synchrotrons, 496- 



498 

 Radiation monitoring instruments, 464-468 

 Radiation shield materials, 461-463 

 Radiative capture of neutrons, 123, 129 

 Radiative equilibrium, 41, 349 

 Radioactive equilibrium, 168-169, 364 

 Radioactive substances, equipment for 

 handling, 455-459 



laboratories for processing, 450-451, 

 453-455 



iules for safe handling, 459-461 



shielding of, 454, 461-463 



shipping regulations for, 468-471 



storage of, 454 

 Radioactivity, 163-171 



chain decay in, 155-158 



decay of, 167-169 



growth of, 167-168 



monitoring procedures for, 464-468 



parent-daughter relations, 167-169 

 Radioautograph, 381-387 

 Radioisotopes (See Isotopes, radioactive) 

 Radium, in biological tracer studies, 534, 

 544, 549 



isotopes of, 21, 251-252 



in radiotherapy, 537, 551 

 Radium E standards, 366-368 

 Radon, in radiotherapy, 537, 551 

 Range, of alpha particles, from fission, 159 



definition of, 86 



extrapolated, 91-92 



of heavy charged particles, 86-89 



maximum, 51 



mean, 91-92 



(See also Alpha particles; Beta par- 

 ticles; Deuterons; Protons; Fission 

 fragments) 

 Range-energy relation, 155 



for electrons, 51, 61 



Rare-earth elements in biological tracer 



studies, 534-536 

 Rates of biological processes, 510 

 Recoil neutron, 123 

 Recoil nucleus, 124 



Recombination in ionization chambers, 344 

 Recording circuits for counters, 332, 334- 



335 

 Recovery of radioisotopes from tissue, 445- 



449 

 Recovery time, 308-309, 322-324 

 Reflection, of alpha particles, 361 

 of beta particles, 63, 375-376 

 of neutrons, 134-135 

 Registers for counters, 327, 329 

 Relative biological effectiveness (R.B.E.), 



406' 414 

 Relative stopping power, 349, 370 

 Relativistic correction in stopping formula, 



77 

 Relativistic effect in cyclotrons, 486 

 Relativistic kinetic energy, 49 

 Relativistic mass, 49 

 Relativistic momentum, 49 

 Residuals, 319 

 Resolution, of the mass spectrograph, 281, 



284-285, 287 

 of radioautographs, 381 

 Resolving time of counters, 307, 322-323, 



326-327, 336 

 Resonance levels, 122, 125-127 

 Roentgen, unit of dose, 404, 410-412 



and energy flux, 410-411 

 Roentgen equivalent, 412 

 Roentgen-equivalent-man, 413 

 Roentgen-equivalent-physical, 404, 412, 



418 

 Rossi coincidence circuit, 334 

 Rubidium, in biological tracer studies, 531, 



543, 547 

 isotopes of, 17, 207-208 

 Rutherford, 170-171 



unit of radioactivity, 359 

 Rutherford scattering, 62, 92 



Scale factors in counting circuits, 327 

 Scale of two circuits, 329-330, 333 

 Scaling circuits, averaging effect of, 327 



