INDEX 



653 



Thermostat for deuterium analysis, 270- 



271, 274-275 

 Thorium series, 179-182 

 Three-phase tracer systems, 398-399 

 Threshold voltage, 309-310, 313 

 Tin, in biological tracer studies, 532, 548 



isotopes of, 16, 221-222 

 Tissue, atomic composition of, 408 



inorganic constituents of, 446 

 Tissue sections for radioautography, 382- 



384 

 Tolerance doses, 451 



for various radiations, 452 

 Tolerance level, of air contamination, 465 



of surface contamination, 467 

 Tongs for handling radioactive substances, 



456-458 

 Townsend avalanche, 304-308 



in proportional counters, 342 

 "Trace" elements in living organisms, 524 

 Tracer applications, 389 

 Tracer methods, 388-402, 510-512 

 Tracers, in first order reactions, 392-399 



in higher order reactions, 399-402 



in intermediate metabolism, 514 



for micronutrient elements, 524-536 



in pharmacology, 532-534 



selection of stable and radioactive iso- 

 topes for, 388-389 



sensitivity of isotopes as, 389 



theory of, 510-512 

 Transition, nuclear, 68 

 Transition energy, 163-164 

 Transition region, 351 



Transmission coefficient of potential bar- 

 riers, 94 

 Transport mean free path, 132 

 Tritium, in biological tracer studies, 516 



in radiotherapy, 541, 550 

 True counting rate, 323-325 

 Tungsten, in biological tracer studies, 532, 

 549 



isotopes of, 20, 240-241 

 Turnover rate, 395-399, 510 

 Turnover time, 395, 397 

 Two-phase tracer systems, 397-398 



U 



Units of radiation dose, 403-407, 409-414 

 Units of radioactivity, 169-171, 358, 359 

 Uptake of active material in tissue, 431-434 

 Uptake of tagged substances, 395-399 

 Uranium, isotopes of, 21, 256-257 



in radiotherapy, 541 

 Uranium-radium series, 171-178, 180, 365- 



366 

 Uranium standard, 364 



Valence change in electrodeposition, 441 

 Vanadium in biological tracer studies, 



529; 547 

 Van de Graaff generator, 472-475 



charging systems in, 472 

 Velocity of fission fragments, 153-155 

 Vibrational frequency of electrons, 77 

 Voltage characteristics of counters, 308-311 

 Voltage discrimination in mass spectrom- 

 eters, 297-298 

 Voltage pulse in counters, 308-310 



W 



Wall effect in ionization chambers, 348, 371 

 Waste disposal of radioactive substances, 



451, 459 

 Water, properties of, 263-267 



purification of, for deuterium analysis, 

 267-269 

 Wet ashing of tissue, 448-449 

 Width of quantum levels, 122, 125-130 



Yttrium in radiotherapy, 540, 550 



Zinc, in biological tracer studies, 528, 543, 

 547 

 isotopes of, 16, 199-200, 528 

 Zirconium, in radiotherapy, 540, 550 



