(34; 



stance firm and rigid, not adhering to paper in drying. Colour, a fine 

 deep or bright transparent red, becoming brighter in fresh water, or 

 when exposed to the air, passing into greenish yellow in decay. 

 Tubercles " densely scattered over the smface of the frond, or forming 

 lines within the margin, spherical, fixed by a narrow base, everywhere 

 covered with sinuous plates or folds which give them a very wrinkled 

 aspect ; containing under a thick pericarp, composed of vertical filaments, 

 a spherical deep red mass, consisting of inmimerable minute spores, 

 collected in small parcels, several of which make up the aggregate 

 mass." — Harvey. Nemathecia thickly scattered over the sm-face of 

 distinct plants, each covei'ed by an obovate leafy process, attached by 

 its naiTow end, " and formed altogether of moniliform filaments, which 

 I have not observed to be converted into spores." — Harvey. Tetraspores 

 unknown. 



This pretty species is by no means scarce on all our rocky shores, 

 although it forms a rather small and unimportant fraction of the 

 rejectamenta on the beach, owing to its close and sechided haunts, which 

 are mostly under the shelving and projecting ledges of deej) quiet 

 rock-pools, not unfrequently protected by the additional covering of a 

 thick tangled fringe of Laminaria digitata and saccharina, and in such 

 places is seldom seen except by the prying eye of the enthusiastic 

 botanist ; its associates in such retreats being Delesseria sanguinea, 

 Phyllophora memhranifolia, and at times, Griffithsia setacea, along with 

 multitudes of sponges, zoophytes, and such other animals and plants 

 as prefer to live secluded from the eye of day. 



It is a very pretty species when young, but the old fi'onds are soon 

 covered by serpulae, nullipores, and zoophytes, with which they are 

 frequently entirely enveloped. Nemathecia appear to be abundant, 

 tubercles to be rather uncommon, and tetraspores to be unknown. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXVIIL 



Fig. 1. — PhyllopJiora rubens, natural size. 



2. — Fragment of frond, with nemathecium and cover folded back. 

 3. — Filaments from nemathecium. 

 4. — Fragment of frond with tubercle. 

 5. — Section of frond. All magnified. 



