Ser. GONGYLOSPERMEJ:. ( 61 ) Fam. CRYPT(1XEMIACEJ:. 



Plate XC. 

 GIGARTINA MAMILLOSA.— J". Ag. 



Gen. CnAK. — Frond cartilaginoiis, filifoiin, compressed or flat, consisting of two strata ; 

 inner of longitudinal, interlacing and anastomosing filaments ; the outer of ver- 

 tical, dichotomous, articulated filaments, loosely imbedded in a firm jelly, the 

 apical joints of which are minute, moniliform, coloured, not branching, parallel 

 and firmly cohering. Fructification of two kinds, on distinct jjlants : 1. "External 

 tubercles, containing on a central placenta dense clusters of spores (faveUidia), held 

 together by a network of fibres" (Harv.); 2. Tetraspores "scattered among the 

 filaments of the periphery," or collected into immersed sori. 



GiGARTiXA mamillosa. — Frond subcai-tilaginoiis, flat, channeled, at 

 least •s\hen producing tubercles, regularly dichotomous, and more or less 

 obcuneate ; tubercles shortly stalked, scattered over the surface. 



GiGARTlNA mamillosa. — /. Arj. Alg. Medit. p. 104; Endl. 3rd Suppl. p. 42; 

 Eai-v. P. B. plate 199; Harv. Man. p. 141; Harv. Syn. p. 114; 

 Atlas, plate 42, fig. 194 ; Harv. N. B.A. part 2, p. 175 ; /, O. Agardh, 

 Sp. Gen. Alg. vol. ii. p. 273. 



MASTOOAEPirs mamillosus. — Kiitz. Phyc. Gen. p. 398. 



Chohdkus mamillosus. — Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 127; Hooh Br, Fl. vol. ii. p. 302 ; 

 Wyatt, Alg. Damn. No. 117; Harv. in Mack. Fl. Hih. part 3, p. 201 ; 

 JIarv. Man. 1st edit. p. 77. 



Sph^srococcus mamillosus. — Ag. Syn. p. 29 ; Lyngh. Hyd. Dan. p. 14, t. 5 ; Ag. 

 Sp. Alg. vol. i. p. 260 ; Ag. Syst. p. 220 ; Hooh. Fl. Scot, part 2, p. 102 ; 

 Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 295 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. iv. p. 336. 



Fucus mamillosus. — Good, d: Woodw. in Linn. Trans, vol. iii. p. 174 ; Turn. Syn. 

 p. 237 ; Turn. Hist. t. 218 ; B. Bot. t. 1054. 



FtJCtJS polymorphus. — Lam. Diss. (4th series) p. 3, t. 17, f. 37 ; t. 18, f. 38. 



Feces echinatus. — Stack. Ner. Brit. p. 65, t. 12. 



FuctJS caniculatus, P. — Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 583. 



Fucus ceranoides, var. — Light/. Fl. Scot. p. 916 ; Gmel. Hist. p. 115; With. Arr. 

 vol. iv. p. 99. 



Fucus alveolatus. — Esper, Ic. p. 139, t. 70. 



Hab. — On stones and rocks near low-water mark. Perennial. Winter. Common. 



Geogr. Dist. — Atlantic shores of Europe and North America. 



Description. — Root, a broad flat disc. Fronds densely tufted, three 

 to six or eight inches high. Stem cylindrical at the base, becoming 

 gradually flattened upwards for one or two inches, then dividing in 



