TABLE 8 



Comparison of DDT's. PCB's, and PCC's m Arctic Air. 



a. Pentachlorobiphenyl or Aroclor 1 254 



b. Tanabe & Tatsukawa, 1980 



c. Pattont'/«/., 1989 



d. Hargrave era/., 1988, mean values 



e. Pacyna & Oehme, 1988 



f. Oehme &Ottar, 1984 

 * Winter/Spring 



known if PCB's are added to hydraulic fluids in the Soviet 

 Union; however, it is a reasonable assumption that they are. 

 Consequently, concentrations of DDT's and PCB's found 

 during cruise AK-47 and reported in this paper probably 

 represent contamination from the ship and are not an 

 accurate atmospheric concentration for the Bering and Chukchi 

 areas. 



Wilier OC Concentrations 



Levels of a-HCH and y-HCH in surface water are given in 

 Table 9 and are compared with literature values in Table 10. 

 Kawano et at. (1988) measured HCH's in the Bering Sea in 

 July 1981 and found concentrations of a-HCH very close to 

 those found during Cruise AK-47, but our y-HCH concentrations 

 are about x3 higher than those found in 1981. Tanabe and 

 Tatsukawa (1980) reported HCH in the Bering Sea in July 

 1979 about 1 ng/l less than was found during this cruise. 

 Beaufort Sea locations further north appear to have higher 

 a-HCH concentrations (Table 6), retlecting the Beaufort Sea's 

 higher air concentrations (Hargrave et ai, 1988; Patton et ai, 

 1989) and enhanced air to sea exchange in the colder water 

 (Beaufort Sea, -2°C; Bering Sea, 5°C). No significant 

 differences in surface water concentrations of either isomer of 



HCH was found between the Chukchi Sea, Chirikov Basin, or 

 Bering Sea (Tukey's test, a= 0.05) during Cruise AK-47. 



Concentrations of OC's in two microlayer and one 2-m 

 water sainple at Station 3 (57°56'N. 175°05"W) are shown in 

 Table II. NoenhancementofHCH'sorHCB was found in the 

 microlayer; however, TC, CC, and TN were enriched in two, 

 and HE in one microlayer sample. 



Flii.x of HCH Between the Atmosphere and Surface Water 



The departure from equilibrium for a-HCH is shown in 

 Figs. 2-4 for the Bering Sea, St. Lawrence Island to the Bering 

 Strait, and the Chukchi Sea; similar results for y-HCH are 

 shown in Fig. 3. The disequilibrium is given as C^^-C", where 

 C^ refers to the aqueous HCH concentrations found and C" 

 denotes the aqueous HCH concentration in equilibrium with C^ 

 (calculated from Equation I ). Average saturation indices 

 (SI=100*c„/c" ) in the Bering and Chukchi Seas were 86% for 

 a-HCH and 26% for y-HCH. The disequilibrium of HCH's 

 was previously calculated for the Beaufort Sea (Patton et ai, 

 1989) using Henry's law constants for the HCH's, with their 

 temperature dependence assumed similar to the PCB's 

 (Burkhard t'f a/., 1985). Average SI in the Beaufort Sea were 

 93% and 24% for the a-HCH and y-HCH. Recalculation ofC" 



275 



