57 



^^irngo au^ ^o(ar:33eot)a(^tim9eu — 5GM; <pecler —60°; eaigep 

 t)urd} bie Söarme^xHDiialjme in ber ^2(tmofpl)ave aui^ 367 meiner 

 ^Beobachtungen in bei* ^tnbeefette nnD in 9}ierico —65°, burcb 

 ^()ermometer-?>}ieiTungen am ?)?iontblanc unb bei ber aercfrattfdKn 

 Oieife von ©ay^SuiTac —77°; @ir 3<?^)»i ^erfcl}el .Edinburgh 

 Review Voi. 87. !8'(-S p. 2-23) —132°^., alfo —91° dcnt. 

 5öie <poi(fün, ba bie 9)iittel--':temperatui- yon 9)ieliüne^3nfel (33v. 

 74°47') frf)Ou —18°, 7 tft, für ben 2Beltraum au^ rein t^eoreti^ 

 \(i)en ©rünben, narf) benen ber QBeltraum ivarmer atö Ue aiipere 

 ©renje ber 5Umü|>()are fein foll (§ 227 p. o2U;, nur — 13°, unb 

 bagegen ^pouillet nacl} actinometrifd}en ^erfnd)en (Comptcs ren- 

 dus de l'Acad. des Sc. T. Vli. 1838 p. 25-65) gar - 142° 

 finben; mujj SSnnber nel^men unb in liefen rarerelfanten ^\'ecu- 

 lationen ba^ ^Isertrauen ju ben biöljer eingefd)lagenen 2Begen 

 minbern. 



'■"'•' (@. 47.) ^^oiffon, Theorie ma them. de la Ciialeur 

 p. 438. ^Ud) iljm l}at bie (5rl)ärtung ber (J-rbfcijtdjten Don bem 

 (Zentrum angefangen, unb i\t üon biefem jur i^berfTadje aümdlig 

 fortgefcKitten; $ 193 p. 429. (^ergl. and) Äo^mo^ $Bb. I. 

 e. 184.) 



^° (@. 48.) ^oömoö 33b. I. ©. 86 unb 149. 



^' (@. 49.) )AYere no almosphere, a Ihermomeler, ireely 

 exposed (at sunset) lo the heating influence of ihe earlh's radia- 

 lion, and the cooHug power of its own inlo spacc, woiild indi- 

 catc a medium temperature between that of the celestial Spaces 

 (—132" Fahr. =:r —91° Cent.) and thal of Ihc earth's surface 

 below it (82" F. = 27°, 7 Cenl. at the equalor, —3°, 5 F. -^ 

 — 19°, 5 Cent, in the Polar Sea). Under Ihe equator, Ihen, il 

 would stand, on the average, at — 25° F. = — 31°, 9 Cent.^ 

 and in the Polar Sea at —68° F. ^^ —55°, 5 Cent. The pre- 

 scnce of the almosphere tends to prevent the thermometer so 

 exposed from altaining these extreme low temperatures: lirsl, 

 by imparting heat by conduction; secondly by impeding radia- 

 lion outwards.« @ir 3oI)n jperfc^el im Edinburgh Review 

 Vol. 87. 1848 p. 223. — »Si la chaieur des espaccs planelaircs 

 n'exislail point, nolre atmosphere eprouverait un refroidissc- 

 nient, dont on ne peut fixer la limite. Probabkment In vie 

 des plantes et des animnux sernil impossiblo a la surfiice du 



