244 



Arthur H. Darken, a specialist in U.S. foreign affairs of the Legis- 

 lative Reference Service of the Library of Congress, prepared an 

 analysis of the tasks of the proposed study for Representative Reuss, 

 who then asked Congress to appropriate funds for a nongovernmental 

 organization to assess — 



Types of projects ; 



Use of private and nongovernmental groups ; 

 Questions of draft exemption for volunteers ; 

 Size and salary ; 

 Type of training needed ; 

 Use of noncollege graduates ; 



Administrative organization and proposed semiautonomous status of the State 

 Department ; and 

 The link of the program to ongoing technical assistance programs." 



The proposals of Reuss and Neuberger, passed as a rider to the 

 Mutual Security iVct of I960," provided that the President contract 

 for a study of — 



* * * the advisability and practicability of a program, to be known as "The 

 Point Four Youth Corps," under which U.S. citizens would be trained and serve 

 abroad in programs of technical cooperation. 



There was already sentiment in the Congress favoring enactment of 

 such a program. For example the House Foreign Affairs Committee 

 rejiorted : 



The committee believes that the United States is failing to utilize one of its 

 important assets by not developing a program for using such services. If young 

 Americans with farm backgrounds and adequate technical training, who are 

 willing to live in the villages and share in the daily work of the people and who 

 would serve with only a minimum salary and subsistence allowance, could be 

 carefully selected and sent to the less developed countries, they could be unusually 

 effective representatives of the United States. 



Should this study support the committee's present belief that there is substan- 

 tial merit in the proposal, the committee will prepare specific recommendations 

 for getting the program underway, and will expect the Executive to make a 

 serious and constructive effort to put the program into effective operation." 



Ten thousand dollars was provided for the study, which was assigned 

 to the Colorado State University Research Foundation, 



The Peace Corps hill introduced hy Senator Huiiifhrey 



Meanwhile. Senator Hubert H. Humphrey proposed an immediate 

 Peace Corps. He told the Senate, June 15, 1960, that in his judgment, 

 "There is sufficient evidence now in hand to justify moving directly to 

 the formation of such a corps now, rather than waiting for a study to 

 be made,^^ He introduced, that same day, a bill to establish a "Peace 

 Corps" to — 



* * * Develop a genuine people-to-people program in which talented and dedicated 

 young American men will teach basic agricultural and industrial techniques, 

 literacy, the English language and other school subjects, and sanitation and health 

 procedures in Asia, Africa, and Latin America." 



" Arthur H. Darken, "Anal.ysis of a Proposal for the Establishment of a Point 4 Youth 

 Corr)s," Dec. 17. 1959, cited by Hon. Henry S. Reuss, "A Point 4 Youth Corps — To Enable 

 More Young Americans To Participate in Technical Assistance Programs," Statement upon 

 introduction of H.R. 96.38; Congressional Record (.Tan. 14, 1960), pp. 491-494. The late 

 Senator Neuberger's bill was S. 2903, introduced Jan. 26. 1960. 



13 Sec. 203(c), H.R. 11510, approved May 14, 1960, as Public Law 82^72. 



" U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Report on the Mutual Security 

 Act of 1960. House Report 14'64. (Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office), Apr. 8, 

 1960. 



1= Senator Hubert H. Humphrey, "Establishment of Peace Corps," Congressional Record 

 (June 15. 1960), p. 11732. 



" S. 3675, Ibid., pp. 11782-11734. 



