222 - The Plant World. 



dearth of informatiDn in this connection, and it may be regarded 

 with some sur]:)rise that two decades intervened between the 

 dates of the first and second attempts to prepare an evaporation 

 chart of the United vStates. As soon as the fundamental prob- 

 lems of agriculture attract public and scientific attention, it is 

 probable that evaporation measurements may become a promi- 

 nent feature in climatological and phenological work. 

 The Johns Hopkins University. 



SOME BOTANICAL OBSERVATIONS IN THE MOUNTAINS 



OF WASHINGTON. 



A. S. FOSTER. 



The region in which the observations have been made 

 which are recorded here, is a huge triangle,— or more nearly 

 the face of a vast pyramid, — -the western edge of which is the 

 Nisqually Glacier, the source of the river of that name, the 

 eastern edge the Paradise Glacier, and its eastern lobe the Cow- 

 litz Glacier, while its southern edge is formed by the summit of 

 the Tatoosh Range, the highest peaks of which attain 6,500 to 

 7,200 feet altitude. Within this area are numerous mountain 

 torrents, deep canyons, escarpments, snow fields, mountain 

 meadows, orchard-like groves, springs and lakes. The Paradise 

 River traverses the triangle, with a southwesterly course of some 

 six or eight miles within which it falls about 4,000 feet, i)lunging 

 over the rim of the snow field as Shuskin Falls, and further down 

 dropping 150 feet in the beautiful Narada Fall. From what- 

 ever part cf this area one may locjk there is a giand panorama 

 of snow-clad peaks, including Mt. Adams, St. Helen's, and Mt. 

 Hood. 



My visit to this region was made in the ten davs following 

 August 3, 1909, during which time the atmosphere, usually 

 clear, was made very smoky by distant forest fires. A month 

 earlier the snow had been ten feet deej) in manv places, and 

 large drifts were still to be seen in sheltered spots. Heavy 

 frost occurred on every night excepting those on which a pene- 

 trating fog enveloped the mountains. 



