Botanical Observations in Washington. 



223 



The lower portion of this triangle it — or was not long since — 

 a continuous coniferous forest in which the Douglas Spruce 

 and Hemlock, Tsuga hcUrophyl/a, range ui)warcl and mingle with 

 Abies lasiocarpa, Tsiicjti Mfttensiana and the less frequent 

 Alaskan Cedar, Chamaccyl^arts nootkatensis. The chief under- 

 shrubs in this forest are Vnccinium oialijolium, \' . dcliciosum, V. 

 macrophyilum, Azalcastrum albiflornm and Menziesia glabra, 

 while along the streams grow Salix Gcycriana and 5. ienera. 

 Vaccinium ovalifolnim was in abundant fruit during my visit, 

 and the Azaleastrnm in full ilower. The willows were just be- 

 ginning to flower on August 4th, and by the 12th they were in 

 full leaf. Common among the herbaceous plants of the forest 



Fig. 1 TIk' 1' 

 Misqually river. 



1 thi- Mi'(HU[ll\- t'Luic r 



were Pyrola rotundijolia, P. bracfcdta, Strcptopiis roseus, and 

 GauUheria ovalijolia, while in the open timber Eryihromum 

 montanum and Clinto}ua itiiij/oni were in full bloom. Poly- 

 stichum munitum was found in these forests growing to a height 

 of a few inches, in strong contrast to the indi\ iduals of this s])ecies 

 several feet in height that had been observed at lower altitudes. 

 Xear the Xarada Falls Piuiioptcris 'hyopteris was cf)mmon 

 and also Cornns ccuuuh >im^, while at the bases of the trees the' 

 liverwort Ptilidium L'(i/i/<'r)ii(ii)ii grew luxuriantly. All of the 

 above-mentioned groups of plants may l)e found on the coast of 

 Washington, where the climate is moist and never very hot, 

 and here thev reappear in the higher mountains near the transi- 

 tion from the Canadian to the Hudsonian zone. 



