KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF CLASS I. 



107 



3. Stamens borne on the cnhjx, or lohere the caljjx (ichen coherent) separates from Hie ovary. 



Petals many, in several rows. 



Shrubs with opposite simple leaves and dingy-purple flowers, 

 Leafless fleshy plants, of singular shapes, 



"Water-plants, with the large flowers and leaves floating on the surface, 

 Petals 4 or 5, rarely 6. 



Leaves with stipules, alternate, 



Leaves without stipules. Pods many-seeded. 



Style and stigma one. Pod surrounded by the free calyx, 

 Styles or stigmas 3 to 8. Calyx coherent below with the ovary. 



Shrubs: leaves opposite. Pod with several cells. Philadelphus in Saxifrage F. 157 

 Herbs: leaves fleshy. Pod one-celled, opening by a lid, Puesla>'e F. 130 



Cai:olixa- Allspice F. 152 

 Cactus F. 153 

 Watek-Lily F. 120 



Rose F. 140 



Lytheum F. 153 



B. Stamens 10 or fewer. 



1. Corolla irregular. (Pistil one.) 



Leaves opposite, palmately compound. C<.dyx 5-toothed. Shrubs or trees, Horsechestxut F. 

 Leaves alternate, with stipules. 



Filaments often united, but not the anthers. Two lower petals approaching or joined. 



Pod simple, with only one row of seeds, Pulse F. 



Filaments short: anthers 5, united. Lower petal with a sac or spur at the base. Pod 



with 3 rows of seeds on the walls, Violet F. 



Leaves alternate, Avithout stipules. Flower generalh' 1-spurred or 2-spurred. 



Stamens 5, short; their anthers a little united. Pod bursting at the touch. Balsam F. 



Stamens 8, sepax'ate. Fruit of 3 thick and closed pieces, Indian-Cress F. 



Stamens 6, in two sets. Flower closed. Pod one-celled. 



Fumitory F. 



139 



141 



128 



136 

 133 

 123 



2. Co7'oUa regular, or nearhj so. 



Stamens just as many as the petals, and standing one before each of them. 

 Pistils more than one, and separate. Petals 6. Flowers dioecious, 

 Pistil with one ovary but with five separate styles, 

 Pistil and style one (the latter sometimes cleft at the summit). 

 Anthers opening by uplifted valves or doors. Petals 6 or 8, 

 Anthers not opening by valves, but lengthwise. 



Woody vines. Calyx minute: petals falling very early, 

 Shrubs. Calyx larger, its divisions 4 or 5, 

 Herbs. Ovary and pod one-celled. 

 Sepals 2 : petals 5 : stigmas 3, 



Sepals as many as the petals: style single: stigma one, 

 Stamens as many as the petals and alternate with them, or twice as many, or of 

 Calyx with its tube adherent to the surface of the ovary. 



Stamens 3, united with each other more or less. Flowers monoecious. 

 Stamens distinct, as many or twice as many as the petals. 



Moonseed F. 113 

 Leadwort F. 173 



Barberry F. H9 



Grape- Vine F. 137 

 Buckthorn F. 138 



Purslane F. 130 



Primrose F. 1T3 



some unequal number. 



Gourd F.. 154 



