1C6 



POrULAR FLORA. 



there are five chaffy and ponited scales (Fig. 409). But more conimonly the pappus con- 

 sists of bristles, or downy hairs (as its name denotes). Asters, Groundsels, and especially 



Thistles, afford most familiar examples of such a 

 hairy or downy pappus; those of Thistles, &c. 

 in autumn sailing about in every breeze. Fig. 

 411 shows the very soft downy pappus of Sow- 

 Thistle. Fig. 410, that of the Dandelion; this is 

 raised upon a long beak to the akcne, which 

 lengthens greatly after flowering. 



This family contains about an eighth or tenth 

 part of all Flowering plants. But it is too diffi- 

 404. Half of a heaii of flowers of Coreopsis. cult for tlic bcginncr. So we hcrc barcly men- 



tion a few of the common plants which belong to it. 



Ray-flower, 

 ueulrai. 



Ray-flower, 

 I.eutral. 



405. Slice of the same, enlarged, with one ray-fl.iwer, and part of another, and one perfect disk-flower (i) , witli its bract or chaff (b), 



1. Among those which have no rays, or strap-shaped corollas, are T/iislles, Burdock^ 

 Everlasting and Cudweed^ Wormwood, Thoroiighicort or 

 Eupaiorium^ Button- Snakei'oot, and Ironweed. 



2. With rays or strap-shaped corollas at the margin 

 (either neutral or pistillate), and tubular flowers in the 

 centre ; Coltsfoot, Aster, Fleahane, Daisy, Golden-rod, 

 Sunjlower, Coreopsis, Mayweed, Chamomile, §'c. 



3. With all the flowers strap-shaped and perfect (and 



40S 407 4(i8 409 410 411 



in this division the plants have a milky juice) : Ciclwry or Succory (Fig. 402), Salsify, 

 Hawkweed, Sow-thistle, Dandelion, and Lettuce. 



