202 POPULAR FLORA. 



Pine. Finns. 



* L,eaves 2 or 3 in a sheath, rigid: bark of tree rough: scales of the cones woody, thickened on the 



back at the end, and commonly tipped with a prickly point. 



1. Jersey or Scrub Pine. Leaves in twos, only about 2' long. A straggling tree, S. & E. P. imps. 



2. Red Pine (wrongly called Norway Pine); leaves iu twos, 5' or 6' long; scales of the cones not 



pointed. A large tree, N. P. resinosa. 



8. Yellow Pine. Leaves slender, in twos or threes, 3' to 5' long; cones small, their scales tipped 

 with a weak prickly point. P. mitis. 



4. Pitch Pine. Leaves rigid, dark green, in threes, 3' to 5' long; cones with a stout prickly point 



(Fig. 224). Common N. P. rigida. 



5. LoDLOLLY Pine. Leaves in threes, 6' to 10' long, light green; cones 3' to 5' long. Light or ex- 



hausted soil. S. P. Ti£da. 



6. LoNG-LEAVED PiNE. Leavcs in threes, 8' to 11' long, dai'k green; cones 6' to 8' long. Common 



S. & E. P- aiistralis. 



* * Leaves 5 together, slender: bark of young tree smooth: scales of cone naked and not thickened. 



7. White Pine. Leaves pale green; cones narrow, 4' or 5' long, hanging. A large tree, in moist 



woods North, with soft hght wood. P. Strobus. 



Larch. Larix. 



1. American Larch or Tamarack. Leaves very slender, short; cones not over 1' long, of few 



rounded scales. Swamps, N. L. Amei'icana. 



2. European Larch. A cultivated tree, with longer leaves and much larger cones than our wild 



species, the scales three times as many. L. Eurajxea, 



Fir or Spruce. Ahies. 



* Cones upright on short side-shoots, falling into pieces when ripe, the scales separating from the axis; 



leaves flat, becoming more or less 2-ranked, whitish beneath. 



1. Balsam Fir. Leaves narrowly linear; cones cylindrical, 3' or 4' long, 1' thick, bluish. Damp 



woods and swamps, N. -4. balsamea. 



* * Cones hanging from the ends of branches, not falling to pieces. 



2. Hemlock Spruce. Leaves linear, flat, ^' long, 2-ranked; cones oval, 5' long. Hills. A. Canadensis. 



3. Black Spruce. Leaves needle-shaped, 4-sided, not 2-ranked, uniformly green ; cones ovate, 1' to 



li' long, with thin edged scales. Swamps and cold woods. A. nigra. 



4i White or Single Spruce. Cones oblong-cylindrical, 1' or 2' long, the scales with thickish edges: 



otherwise nearly like the last: found only at the North. A. alba. 



5. NoRv/AY Spruce. Cones cylindrical, 5' to 7' long; leaves longer than in our wild species. A 



handsomer tree, from Europe, now commonly planted as an evergreen. A. excelsa. 



Juniper. Juniperus. 



1. Common Juniper. Shmb spreading; leaves in whorls of three, lincar-awl-shaped, prickly-pointed, 



green beneath, white above; berries dark purple. Dry hills, N. J- commiims. 



2. Savin J. or Red Cedar. Shrub or tree; leaves small and much crowded, awl-shaped and loose 



on vigorous shoots; on others smaller, scale-like, and closely overlying each other in 4 ranks; 

 berries purplish with a white bloom. Dry hills. Wood reddish, very durable. J. Viryiniana. 



