THE MAN-LIKE APES. 25 



tally different a creature as the blue-faced Baboon, is not 

 so easily intelligible. 



Twenty years later Buffon changed his opinion, 4 *' and 

 expressed his belief that the Orangs constituted a genus 

 with two species, — a large one, the Pongo of Battell, and 

 a small one, the Jocko : that the small one (Jocko) is the 

 East Indian Orang ; and that the young animals from Af- 

 rica, observed by himself and Tulpius, are simply young 

 Pongos. 



In the meanwhile, the Dutch naturalist, Yosmaer, 

 gave, in 1778, a very good account and figure of a young 

 Orang, brought alive to Holland, and his countryman, the 

 famous anatomist, Peter Camper, published (1779) an 

 essay on the Orang-Utan of similar value to that of Tyson 

 on the Chimpanzee. He dissected several females and a 

 male, all of which, from the state of their skeleton and 

 their dentition, he justly supposes to have been young. 

 However, judging by the analogy of man, he concludes 

 that they could not have exceeded four feet in height in 

 the adult condition. Furthermore, he is very clear as to 

 the specific distinctness of the true East Indian Orang. 



" The Orang," says he, " differs not only from the 

 Pigmy of Tyson and from the Orang of Tulpius by its 

 peculiar colour and its long toes, but also by its whole 

 external form. Its arms, its hands, and its feet are longer, ( 

 while the thumbs, on the contrary, are much shorter, and 

 the great toes much smaller in proportion." f And again, 

 " The true Orang, that is to say, that of Asia, that of Bor- 

 neo, is consequently not the Pithecus, or tail-less Ape, 

 which the Greeks, and especially Galen, have described. 

 It is neither the Pongo nor the Jocko, nor the Orang of 



* Histoire Naturelle, Suppl. tome 'Tenie, 1789. 

 \ Camper, GEuvres, I., p. 56. 



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