88 THE RELATIONS OF MAN 



The question now arises how are the other Apes re- 

 lated to the Gorilla in these respects — taking the length 

 of the spine, measured in the same way, at 100. In an 

 adult Chimpanzee, the arm is only 96, the leg 90, the hand 

 43, the foot 39 — so that the hand and the leg depart more 

 from the human proportion and the arm less, while the 

 foot is about the same as in the Gorilla. 



In the Orang, the arms are very much longer than in 

 the Gorilla (122), while the legs are shorter (88) ; the foot 

 is longer than the hand (52 and 48), and both are much 

 longer in proportion to the spine. 



In the other man-like Apes again, the Gibbons, these 

 proportions are still further altered ; the length of the 

 arms being to that of the spinal column as 19 to 11 ; while 

 the legs are also a third longer than the spinal column, so 

 as to be longer than in Man, instead of shorter. The 

 hand is half as long as the spinal column, and the foot, 

 shorter than the hand, is about T s T ths of the length of the 

 spinal column. 



Thus Hylobates is as much longer in the arms than the 

 Gorilla, as the Gorilla is longer in the arms than Man ; 

 while, on the other hand, it is as much longer in the legs 

 than the Man, as the Man is longer in the legs than the 

 Gorilla, so that it contains within itself the extremest de- 

 viations from the average length of both pairs of limbs 

 (see the Frontispiece). 



The Mandrill presents a middle condition, the arms 

 and legs being nearly equal in length, and both being 

 shorter than the spinal column ; while hand and foot 

 have nearly the same proportions to one another and to 

 the spine, as in Man. 



In the Spider monkey (Ateles) the leg is longer than 

 the spine, and the arm than the leg ; and, finally, in that 

 remarkable Lemurine form, the Indri, (Lichanotus) the 



