THE FRAMEWORK OF THE BODY 



39 



by smooth articular surfaces, sheathed in ''bearings" of cartilage and 

 held in contact by strong ligamentous bindings. 



The variety of movable joints in the skeleton is considerable, and each 

 joint is remarkably adapted for the particular requirements of movement, 



coracoid process 



clavicle 



ilium 



scapula 



femur 



carpals 



phalanges 



phalanges 



Fig. 3.8. Bones of the leg and arm, showing three types of joints, and the part-for-part 

 correspondence of the two limbs. 



limitation of movement, and strength required at that point. Although 

 each joint has its own special features, we can group all the joints into a 

 few main types. There is the pivot joint, represented by that between the 

 first two cervical vertebrae ; the ball-and-socket joint, as at the head of the 

 humerus and of the femur ; the hinge joint, as between humerus and ulna 



