520 



THE CHANGING GENERATIONS 



have beards, wavy hair, and chiseled features that suggest a mixture with Medi- 

 terranean "White," and some have traits reminiscent of Indonesians. The signif- 

 icance of these facts is wholly unknown. 

 Three great arms of predominantly 

 Mongoloid populations stretch out 

 away from the East Asian center — one 

 into western Asia, one southeast into 

 Indonesia, and one into America. Each 

 constitutes a different racial group. 



The Mongol race includes the peoples 

 of northern and central Siberia. They 

 are yellow-skinned, mostly round- 

 headed, and strongly built though not 

 tall. In the north are the reindeer 

 nomads, whose outposts reach north- 

 ernmost Europe. On the steppes and 

 mountain slopes from Mongolia to the 

 Caspian and Black Seas live the horse 

 nomads, and most of the people of Tibet belong to this race. Many Mongols 

 have skulls almost indistinguishable from those of Alpines, and some have heads 

 as large .as any in the world. 



Fig. 31 6. One sort of Japanese. (Courtesy 

 Chicago Natural History Museum.) 



Fig. 31.7. Left, an Indonesian Igorot from northern Luzon, Philippine Islands, modeled by 

 Malvina Hoffman. Right, a Malay (Moro) from Mindanao, Philippine Islands. (Courtesy 

 Chicago Natural History Museum and American Museum of Natural History, respectively.) 



The Indonesian-Malay race occupies the islands of Indonesia — Sumatra, Java, 

 Borneo, Celebes, and the Philippines. Southeastward in Asia and through the 

 Malay Peninsula there is a gradual transition toward this race. The peoples of 



