APPENDIX A 



623 



hay and forage for cattle are provided chiefly by small grasses. Sugar cane is one 

 of the two chief sources of sugar (the other being the sugar beet, a dicotyledon). 

 Most important of the grasses are the cereals — wheat, corn, oats, rice, rye, and 

 barley. All members of the grass family are wind-pollinated. 



Fig. A. 23. Representative grasses. All are shown in flower, with an enlarged floret. A, sugar 

 cane, Saccharum; B, bluegrass, Poa; C, large cane, Arundinaria: D, timothy, Phleum; E, 

 orchard grass, Dactylis. (Modified from Turtox chart, courtesy General Biological Supply 

 House, Inc.) 



Fig. A. 24. Eepresentative lilies. Left, the Japanese lily, Lilium speciosum; right, the dog- 

 tooth violet or adder's-tongue, Erythronium americanum. (Left, courtesy Ward's Natural 

 Science Establishment, Inc.; right, photo by Prof. E. B. Mains.) 



The Palmaceae (palm family) is chiefly tropical; the appearance of its members 

 is familiar to all. In this group a large number of simple flowers develop within a 

 single leaflike bract. The coconut palm, date palm, sago palm, and others are 

 put to a variety of uses by inhabitants of the tropical and subtropical regions. 



The Liliaceae (lily family) includes some of the most typical and easily recog- 

 nized of monocotyledons. Here the floral parts are separate and occur in threes 

 or in multiples of three, with the petals generally brightly colored, and often the 

 sepals as well. The plant is generally herbaceous and is usually provided with a 



