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APPENDIX A 



Other well-known plants belonging to the first series but not included in any 

 of the preceding families are tulip tree, magnolia, bay, basswood, sycamore, ash, 

 buckeye, horse chestnut, box elder, sweet gum, black gum, violets, pinks, gera- 

 nium, nasturtium, fuchsia, cotton, flax, hemp, currants, gooseberries, grapes, 

 citrus fruits, tea, and cacao. 



Series II. The plants of this assemblage, with tubular corollas, include the 

 highest dicotyledonous families, only a few of which can be mentioned here. 



The Ericaceae (heath family) has flowers with two sets of five stamens each, so 

 that there are five circles of flower parts. The members of this family are mostly 

 shrubs; included in it are trailing arbutus, bearberry, heather, rhododendron, 

 azalea, mountain laurel, wintergreen, huckleberries, blueberries, and cranberries. 



The Labiatae (mint family) can be recognized by the two-lipped corolla, square 

 stems, opposite leaves, and four-lobed ovary. It includes many strongly scented 



Fig. A.27. Representative dicot flowers. Left, the shooting star, Dodecathion; center, a 

 composite, Actinella grandiflora; right, the pasqueflower, Anemone Pulsatilla. (Photos by 

 Prof. Alexander H. Smith.) 



plants, among which are pennyroyal, lavender, mint, horehound, savory, mar- 

 joram, thyme, sage, rosemary (but not the "rosemary" of the Florida scrub), and 

 catnip. 



The Solanaceae (nightshade family) includes plants with conspicuous, regular 

 corollas and with floral parts arranged in four circles. Here are included night- 

 shade, red pepper, ground cherry, belladonna, Jimson weed, Irish potato, tomato, 

 and tobacco. 



The Compositae 1 (composites), the highest of the families of Series II, is charac- 

 terized by having numerous small flowers compacted into a head that looks like 

 a single large flower (Fig. 17.13). The composites are mostly herbaceous plants, 

 abundant in the temperate regions. Among the better known members of this 

 family are dandelion, sunflower, goldenrod, thistle, beggar ticks, blazing star, 

 daisies, asters, everlasting, ragweed, cockle burr, zinnia, dahlia, cosmos, marigold, 

 chrysanthemum, sagebrush, burdock, and lettuce. The family is noteworthy for 

 the number of noxious weeds that it includes. 



Other well-known dicotyledons with tubular flowers that do not belong to 

 any of the preceding families are the coffee plant, cinchona (from which quinine 

 is obtained), sweet potato or yam, olive, and the gourd fruits (watermelon, 

 muskmelon, cucumber, pumpkin, squash). 



1 In recent classifications often broken into several families. 



