PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. 73 



in Surinam, published in Amsterdam two important works upon 

 the natural history of that region, in 1 76^ his " Histoire Natu- 

 relle de la Hollande Equinoxiale," and in 1769 his " Descrip- 

 tion de Surinam." I refer to these works as important, not 

 because they are of great value to zoological writers of to- 

 day, but because they, in their day, marked distinct advances 

 in knowledge. 



The Scandinavians. — Danish enterprise at an early day sent 

 explorers to the western continent, and the scholarly tendencies of 

 the Scandinavian mind were soon manifest in a literature of sreo- 

 graphical and scientific observations. 



Hans Egede, a missionary who went to Greenland at least as 

 early as i7 I 5' published in 174 1 bis comprehensive work upon 

 Greenland, of which so many editions have been published. 



Otho Fabricius, [b. 1744, d. 1822], another missionary, long 

 resident in Greenland, published in 17S0 his " Fauna Groen- 

 landica," a work which in scientific accuracy has never been 

 excelled — a most important contribution to systematic zool- 

 ogy. David Crantz's tw History of Greenland," published in 

 i77°5 i s another important scientific work from the hand of 

 a missionary, and Zorgdrager's notices of the Greenland fish- 

 eries deserve a passing notice. 



The travels of Kalm, a Swede and a pupil of Linnaeus, are 

 noticed elsewhere. Peter Loefling, another pupil of Linnaeus, 

 visited Spanish America, and in his " Iter Hispanicum," 

 printed in Stockholm, 1758, described many animals and plants 

 observed by him. 



Olaf Swartz, a Swede, discovered and described'S^o new spe- 

 cies of West Indian plants from 1785-89. He spent a year in the 

 southern United States before going to the West Indies.* 



The Germans. — Germany, too, soon began to send its students 

 across the Atlantic. Johann Anderson, a Burgomaster of Ham- 

 burg, published in 1746 his " Tidings from Iceland, Greenland, 



* Brendel. 



