xintiUean Division. 19 



The way in which tlic West Indies have been regarded l)y dif- 

 ferent writers is shown in the following table : 



Date Author How regarded Based on Rank 

 1820 De Candolle. . As an independent region Plants 1 



1822 Schouw As part of his Eealm of Cac- Plants 



tuses and Peppers [INIexi- 

 can]. 



18o0 Pickering As part of iiis American In- Plants 



tertroijicul Region. 

 1831 Lesson As part of his Equatorial Zone. Birds 



1833 Schouw As an independent realm Plants 1 



(Swartz's Realm). 



1835 De Candolle. . As an independent region. . . . Plants 1 



1837 Martius As an independent realm Plants 1 



(Antillean Realm). 



1838 Berghaus As an independent realm Plants 1 



(Swartz's Realm). 



1841 Pompper As part of his North Warm Animals .... 



Zone. 

 1843 Hinds As an independent realm Plants 1 



(West India Region). 



1843 Berghaus As part of his Tropical Prov- Mammals . . 



ince. 

 184() Wagner As part <jf his Tropical Amer- Mammals . . 



ican Province. 

 1854 Agassiz As a suhdivision of his Cen- Animals .... 3 



tral American Region. 



1856 Woodward ... As an independent province Mollusks ... 1 



(Antillean Province). 

 1858 Sclater As part of his Neotropical Birds 



Region. 



1SG(3 Baird Asa primary region (West In- Birds 1 



dian Region). 



1866 Grisehach As a primary region (West In- Plants 1 



dian Region). 



1868 Huxley As jtart of his Austro-Colum- Animals .... 



hian Region. 



1S70 Brown ....... As an independent province Forests 1 



(Antillean Province). 



1875 Sclater As an independent subregion Birds 2 



(Antillean Suljregion) . 



1876 Wallace As an independent subregion Animals .... 2 



(Antillean Subregion). 



1882 Engler As an independent province. . Plants 3 



1883 Packard As an independent region Animals .... 1 



(Antillean Region). 



1883 Jordan As part of his Neotropical Mollusks ... 



Province. 



1884 Drude As an independent region Plants 2 



(Antillean District). 



