passerines. However, vegetative recovery had become well established on the 

 gravel islands and shoreline and it is believed this site will soon provide 

 the same quality of habitat as the Tanana R i ver-Upstream. One colony of 

 beaver also were using the West Fork Tolovana River pit. 



Permanently ponded material sites of sufficient size (at least larger 

 than I to 2 ha) will provide a high quality habitat if they have: 



• A diversity of shoreline configuration and water depth, 



• Dense border cover, 



• Islands or peninsulas or both, and 



• An abundant fish and macro i nvertebrate food supply. 



SIMILARITIES OF RESPONSE BETWEEN B I OT I C AND STUDY SITE PARAMETERS 



A computer analysis for similarities in response between terrestrial 

 biotic parameters and study site characteristics was conducted (Table 34). 

 Ten biotic parameters were selected for analysis. The analysis demonstrated 

 that responses of biotic parameters could be categorized into three groups. 

 Each parameter within each group displayed a similar reaction to specific 

 gravel removal operations. When comparing the responses of the biotic param- 

 eter groups for al I 25 sites, 5 site response combinations were found (Table 

 34). After these analyses, the material site characteristics were compared 

 for each site response group. 



Biotic Parameters 



The biotic parameters reacted in three groups of similar response to 

 gravel removal induced changes. Group I included passerines, shrub thickets, 

 moose habitat, and ptarmigan habitat; Group II included soil nutrients, 

 ground squirrels, early shrub communities, and small mammals; and Group III 

 included soil texture and water birds. 



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