whitefish species, and scattered Dolly Varden populations. Anadromous spe- 

 cies include coho, chum and Chinook salmon, and various whitefish species. 

 Species of whitefish found in the drainage include Bering cisco, broad 

 whitefish, humpback whitefish, least cisco, round whitefish, and inconnu. 

 Most of these species show substantial movements within the Yukon River 

 drainage and distribution and anadromy has not been well documented for many 

 of the species. 



Description of Study Rivers - Location and Gravel Removal Area 

 Character ist i cs 



West Fork Tolovana River. The West Fork Tolovana River is a medium, 

 meandering river originating in the foothills of the White Mountains in 

 the Yukon-Tanana Upland Section at an elevation of 915 m. The confluence 

 of the West Fork Tolovana River and Tolovana River, a tributary to the 

 Tanana River, lies 6 km downstream from the study site. The material site 

 is located on the east side of the river with an undisturbed 60-m buffer 

 strip between the site and the river. The mining occurred in an abandoned 

 channel with the upstream end of the channel plugged to prevent water flow 

 through the site. The outlet, however, is open to a backwater area of the 

 river. The 8-ha site was worked in 1975 by a dragline with 101,500 m of 

 material removed, stockpiled, and screened to produce the required quanti- 

 ties of select materials. The pit filled with groundwater and has depths 

 in excess of 6 m. The unflooded portions of the gravel removal area were 

 contoured and sloped to drain toward the pit in 1976. Most of these areas 

 were also reseeded by Alyeska Pipeline Service Company with annual grasses. 

 Various aspects of this site are shown in Figures 48c, 56, 59, 62, 63, and 

 84. 



McManus Creek. McManus Creek is a small, sinuous stream which origi- 

 nates in foothills at an elevation of I ,000 m and f I ows 25 km to its conflu- 

 ence with Smith Creek, forming the Chatanika River. The study site lies at 

 an elevation of 675 m, approximately 20 km from its confluence with Smith 

 Creek. During the course of its development, McManus Creek has tended to 

 migrate lateral ly southward, causing a si ightly steeper val ley wa I I on the 

 left than on the r i gh t . 



62 



