levels of influence and the durations of influence between differing grave! 

 removal sites and methods of operation were not completely known. Also, 

 there were no data on long-term effects in the arctic or subarctic. Factors 

 such as the size and location of the site, and the characteristics of the 

 stream and floodplain were believed to be influencing parameters, but their 

 relationships to short-term and long-term detrimental effects were not 

 understood. 



To help answer these questions, a terrestrial study was incorporated 

 into this project. The study was designed to be compatible with the hydrol- 

 ogy and aquatic biology programs and organized to provide answers on: (I) 

 the degree of flora and fauna change resulting from gravel removal opera- 

 tions; (2) the rate of habitat recovery at disturbed sites respective to the 

 characteristics of the gravel removal operation and the characteristics of 

 the river and floodplain system; and (3) how the detrimental affects of 

 gravel removal operations could best be mitigated. 



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