Br G. t). OSBORXE AND W. R. BROWNE. 261 



direction. Tliis indication of the ice liaving had an origin to the southward is 

 of great interest. For, from palaeogeogi-aphic considerations and from the 

 evidence of the various conglomerate horizons in the Kuttung Series, especially 

 the Wallarobba Conglomerates occurring as a marginal belt to the present New 

 England massif, it seems reasonable to infer that a considerable area of high 

 land existed to the north-east of the present Carboniferous areas (c/. Sussmileh 

 and David, 1919, pp. 277 — 281) right on till the advent of glacial conditions in 

 Upper Kuttung time. On the other hand, the occurrence in the fluvio-glacial 

 conglomerates of Winder's Hill and in the Lochinvar shales of pebbles of gneiss 

 and amphibolite such as have been found by one of the authors on certain parts 

 of the Monaro, seems to suggest that some of the material might have come 

 from the south and south-west. It will be interesting to see whether further 

 discoveries confirm the general south to north direction for the movement of the 

 glaciers. 



The floor over which the ice has moved is composed of a biotite dacite, 

 the same which has formed Webber's Creek Falls and which also forms part 

 of the steep eastern escarpment of Lamb's Valley. At the upper exposure it is 

 overlain by weU-laminated varve-rock, dipping here N.5°W. at 16J°. In the 

 lower exposure the varve just near the contact contains numerous angular and 

 sub-angular inclusions of various sizes up to about 9 inches in length, many 

 of which are composed of the underlying dacite. 



The existence of this striated pavement in direct contact with the varves 

 puts it beyond a doubt, if any existed, that the latter are of glacial origin 

 and entirely comparable with those described by De Geer and Sayles. 



As regards the actual horizon of the dacite which bears the glacial mark- 

 ings, it is impossible to say with certainty in what part of the sequence it 

 comes. The section from Winder's Hill to Lochinvar given in the paper by 

 Professor David and Mr. Sussmileh sh'^ws fairly accurately part of the sequence 

 in the Gosforth district. On this section two varve horizons are indicated. A 

 third or middle horizon of varves she mid have been shown at the foot of the 

 first dip-slope south of Winder's Hill, its stratigraphical position being some- 

 where between the glacial conglomerates and the green tuffs which form the 

 horizon marked (8) on the section mentioned. 



Now a,s one climbs the scarp of what we may for convenience call the Web- 

 ber's Creek Plateau from the south-east by Bell's track, one crosses first the 

 equivalents of the Winder's Hill conglomerate (the lowest varve is obscured 

 by talus) then, ascending stratigraphically, a rather narrow band of varve, 

 well seen just at the top of the ridge near Mr. Bell's homestead, is encountered, 

 on top of which, or separated from it by only a thin band of conglomerate, is 

 the dacite which further to the east exhibits the glacial striae, this being im- 

 mediately overlain, as already stated, by a further band of varve-rock. We 

 have not yet examined the sequence any higher than this, so that it is im- 

 possible to tell whether the dacite separates the Upper and Middle Varves, 

 being in that case the stratigraphical equivalent of the green tuffs of the 

 Winder's Hill section. But this seems the most reasonable interpretation in the 

 present state of our knowledge. This would put the horizon of the pavement 

 just about that of the varve-rock near the Seaham Hotel, or just a little below 

 that of the Seaham Tillite. 



One of the authors (G.D.O.) who has studied the Carboniferous rocks in 

 the Paterson area is of opinion that the Webber's Creek dacite bears a close 

 lithological resemblance to the so-called Patei-son "rhyolite." It is only by fur- 

 ther field work that any correlation can be established or disproved. 



